对马铃薯晚疫病菌(Phytophthora infestans)有杀菌毒性的中草药的筛选

将来源于44科的88种中草药等植物材料的提取物稀释500倍后，与马铃薯晚疫病菌（Phytophthora infestans)的孢子囊悬浮液混合。有31种材料的提取物在该浓度下表现了对马铃薯晚疫病菌的游动孢子囊间接萌发的完全抑制作用，有46种提取物也表现了不同程度的抑制作用，另有11种提取物在该浓度下没有表现抑制作用。在抑制菌丝生长作用的试验中，植物提取物用黑麦培养基稀释200倍，然后倒皿，在8．5cm直径的培养皿中央放－马铃薯晚疫病菌菌片，16℃下培养，15d后测量菌落直径大小。结果表明，在供试的83种提取物中，在稀释200倍浓度下，有32种提取物表现了对菌丝生长的完全抑制作用，24种表现了比较强的抑制作用，而有27种提取物没有表现对菌丝生长的抑制作用，甚至还表现了对菌丝生长的促进作用。同时，还有19种提取物在抑制孢子囊萌发和抑制菌丝生长两项测试中均表现出完全的抑制作用。

Screening of Chinese herbs for the fungitoxicity against Phytophthora infestans

Plant extracts of 88 species from 44 families of plants were diluted to 500 times, and mixed with sporangia suspension of P. infestans, then the sporangia suspensions were put into 10℃ incubator for 3hours. The result is as follows: 31 species were completely inhibitory, 46 species were strongly or moderately inhibitory and 11 were little inhibitory to sporangia indirect germination of P. infestans. And among 83species in 43 families of plants tested, mother extracts from 32 species were completely inhibitory, 24 were strongly inhibitory and 27 were weakly or even no inhibitory to mycelial growth of P. infestans at 200 times.There are also 19 mother extracts were not only completely inhibitory to germination of sporangia but also completely inhibitory to mycelial growth of P. infestans.