金丝小枣浆烂果病侵染循环研究

采用室内分离培养与田间调查相结合的方法,对金丝小枣浆烂果病(ZiziphusjujubaMill.cv.Jinsixiaozao)的侵染循环进行了研究,结果表明:金丝小枣浆烂果病病原菌囊孢壳菌Physalosporaobtuse(Schw.)可在金丝小枣树体及病残体和枣园周围的杨树、榆树、刺槐树、桃树、苹果、梨树上越冬。5月下旬—9月中旬分生孢子器形成并散发分生孢子,8月中、下旬子囊孢子和分生孢子同时散发。囊孢壳菌孢子随风、雨传播,通过伤口和气孔侵入。6月上旬囊孢壳菌开始侵染枣吊、果柄,7月上旬开始侵染枣果,8月下旬为囊孢壳菌对枣果的侵染高峰期。囊孢壳菌在当年发病枣果上只形成无性世代的分生孢子器,8月下旬—9月散发分生孢子,可在田间进行再侵染。

Study on the infection cycle of thick rotten disease of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.cv.Jinsixiaozao

The infection cycle of thick rotten disease was studied on Ziziphus jujubecv. Jinsixiaozao through laboratory and field experiment. Results showed that Physalospora obtuse, the pathogen of thick rotten disease, could overwinter inside tree and residuals of diseased jujube, and the poplars, elm, locust, peach, apple and pear around jujube orchard. The pathogen formed the pycnidium and spread the conidia from the last May to middle September; or the conidia spread when the ascospore distributed during the middle and last August. The spores spread with wind and rain, and infected the fruit of jujube through cute and stoma. The pathogen began to invade fruit stalk last June and fruit early July, and reached at invasive peak last August. The pathogen only formed the pycnidium on the new disease fruit, the conidia were spread the last August to early September and brought the secondary infection.