水稻品质性状遗传参数的分析

对水稻10个主要品质性状进行了遗传力分析、遗传相关分析和主成分分析。结果表明:广义遗传力较高的性状有直链淀粉含量、粒形、粒长、垩白米率、糙米率和精米率。直链淀粉含量与垩白大小及垩白米率有较密切的正相关,与碱解值和碾米品质性状有较密切的负相关;整精米率与蛋白质含量、垩白大小、粒形和粒长有密切的负相关。主成分分析结果表明:第一主成分为整精米、直链淀粉因子,第二主成分为垩白因子,第三主成分为碱解值因子。认为整精米率、直链淀粉含量、垩白大小、垩白米率和碱解值为鉴定稻米品质的主要性状。

An Analysis of Genetic Parameters of Rice Qualitative Characters

Heritability, genetic correlation, and principal components of 10 qualitative characters of rice were analysed. Results showed that the characters with high heritability are amylose content, seed shape, seed longness,chalkiness rate, brown rice rate and milled rice rate.Amylose content has a close positive correlation with chalkiness and chalkiness rate, and a close negative correlation with alkali spreading value and milled qualitative characters. The unbroken rice rate has a close negative correlation with protein content, chalkiness, seed shape and seed longness.The analytical results of principal components showedj first, the principal component was the unbroken rice and amylose content; secondly, chalkiness) and thirdly, alkali spreading value. Therefore, the milled rice rate, amylose content, magnitude of chalkiness , chalkiness rate and alkali spreading value are considered as the principal characters in identifying rice quality.