可食性玉米淀粉膜的制备及改性剂对膜性能的影响

【目的】研究可食性玉米淀粉膜的成膜工艺条件和改性剂的作用，为开发多功能可食包装提供理论和技术支持。【方法】选择不同的淀粉液质量浓度、糊化温度、干燥温度和干燥时间制备玉米淀粉膜，根据成膜效果及膜的物理性能，确定玉米淀粉膜适宜的制备工艺条件。在此基础上，分别研究添加10 g/L的6种糖醇型改性剂（乙二醇、丙三醇、木糖醇、甘露糖醇、山梨醇和麦芽糖醇）以及5种聚合型改性剂（羧甲基纤维素钠、海藻酸钠、明胶、葡甘聚糖和聚氧化乙烯）对膜物理性能的影响。【结果】玉米淀粉膜适宜的制备工艺条件为：浆液淀粉质量浓度50～60 g/L，糊化温度90 ℃，膜干燥温度40～60 ℃，膜干燥时间4～6 h。木糖醇可使淀粉膜表面结构平滑，且其对膜断裂伸长率的提高效果最优；葡甘聚糖可使膜表面结构平整，颗粒细腻，热稳定性增强，抗拉强度和断裂伸长率均衡提高；海藻酸钠和羧甲基纤维素钠的作用效果与葡甘聚糖相近。【结论】利用玉米淀粉可以制备可食性淀粉膜；添加改性剂木糖醇和葡甘聚糖能够选择性地提高玉米淀粉膜的物理性能。

Conformation of edible corn starch membrane and its properties modified with regulators

【Objective】 This paper studied the artificial conditions of corn starch membrane conormation and the effective regulators and set up theoretical and technological basis.【Method】 The properties of edible corn starch membrane conformed on factors of starch concentration,cataplasm temperature,drying temperature and time were tested to choose suitable processes.Based on the processes,6 saccharide-hydro regulators of ethylene glycol,glycerol,xylitol,mannitol,sorbitol and Maltitol,and 5 polymeric regulators of carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium,sodium alginate,gelatin,Polygluosan and Polyethylene oxide were separately added into 10 g/L to examine the membrane properties.【Result】 In wiew of membrane conformation and its properties,suitable membrane conforming conditions are:starch concentration 50-60 g/L,cataplasm temperature 90 ℃,drying temperature 40-60 ℃,drying time 4-6 h.Saccharide-hydro xylitol adulterated membrane with smooth surface is better than other plasticizers on elongation at break.Polymeric polygluosan with smooth surface,micro grits and advanced differential scanning calorimetry graphs is superior both as intensifier and plasticizer,next is sodium alginate and carboxymethyl cellulose Sodium is inferiori.【Conclusion】 Corn starch can be used to produce edible starch membrane,and adapting regulators of xylitol and polygluosan can selectively improve membrane properties.