秦岭太白山区鹿蹄草根际与非根际土壤养分及酶活性研究

【目的】分析秦岭太白山区不同林分下鹿蹄草的根际和非根际土壤养分和酶活性状况，探索其空间变异规律，为野生鹿蹄草资源的保护提供依据。【方法】采用野外调查和室内分析的方法，对秦岭北坡太白山区4种林分下鹿蹄草根际与非根际土壤养分及酶活性差异及其相互间的关系进行研究。【结果】在鹿蹄草根际和非根际间，土壤有机质、全氮、有效氮、速效磷、速效钾均呈现出明显的根际聚集现象，根际平均富集率分别达34.64%，58.29%，126.94%，114.02%，96.38%，土壤全钾含量基本保持不变。土壤酶也表现出根际活性较强的特性，根际土壤脲酶、转化酶、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性比非根际土壤分别高出32.04%，22.40%，30.57%，8.17%。在鹿蹄草根际土壤中，有机质、速效钾含量与脲酶、转化酶、过氧化氢酶、酸性磷酸酶活性均呈极显著正相关，有效氮、速效磷含量与脲酶呈极显著正相关；而在非根际土壤中，有机质与转化酶、脲酶呈极显著正相关，速效磷含量与 4种酶活性均呈显著正相关。【结论】秦岭北坡太白山区鹿蹄草根际和非根际土壤养分与酶活性密切相关,各土壤酶活性之间也存在不同程度的相关性，较好地反映了鹿蹄草生境的土壤肥力状况。因此，土壤酶活性可以作为评价该区域土壤肥力的指标之一。

Soil nutrients and enzyme activities of Pyrolain rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere on Mt.Taibai,Qinling Mountains

【Objective】 The research was conducted to analyze soil nutrients and enzyme activities of Pyrola under different stands on Qinling Mountains,to explore its spatial variability,and to provide evidence for the protection of wild Pyrola.【Method】 Research on differences and relationships of soil nutrients and enzyme activities in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere of Pyrola under four stands on the north slope of Mt.Taibai,Qinling Mountains was made by using field investigation and laboratory analysis.【Result】 In Pyrola rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere,soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium showed obvious rhizosphere aggregation,rhizosphere average enrichment rate respectively arrived at 34.64%,58.29%,126.94%,114.02%,96.38%,and total soil potassium content remained fundamentally unchanged.Soil enzyme also showed strong characteristics in rhizosphere,rhizosphere soil urease,invertase,catalase and acid phosphatase activity was respectively 32.04%,22.40%,30.57% and 8.17% higher than non-rhizosphere soil.Soil organic matter and available potassium content were very significantly correlated with urease,invertase,catalase and acid phosphatase activity;and available nitrogen and phosphorus were also very significantly correlated with urease in Pyrola rhizosphere,while soil organic matter and invertase,urease showed an extremely significant positive correlation and available phosphorus content was significantly positive correlated with four kinds of enzymes in rhizosphere.【Conclusion】 Enzyme activities in soil were closely related to soil nutrients,and to some extent there was also correlation among different enzymes in Pyrola rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere,to better reflect soil fertility status in Pyrola habitat very well.Therefore,soil enzyme activity could be used as an index for evaluation of the soil fertility.