猪苓菌丝菌核的显微结构及其多糖含量研究

为了选择猪苓的最佳菌株及其采收的最佳发育阶段,研究了猪苓3个菌株菌丝体的形态结构、多糖含量,并对不同发育阶段菌核的显微结构和多糖累积进行了研究。结果表明,猪苓3个菌株在孢子形态和数量、菌索形成和草酸钙方晶上存在明显差异;菌株X2的菌丝生长快、长势旺,菌丝体浓密洁白,易形成菌索,菌丝体及发酵液的多糖含量最高,分别为30.4 mg/g和0.111 mg/mL,菌丝体生长速度最快,为0.2458 cm/d;人工白苓与野生白苓在形态和显微结构上相似;野生黑苓菌核的多糖含量最高,达56.41 mg/g,人工白苓最低,为15.95 mg/g。说明在3个菌株中,X2合成猪苓多糖的能力较强,药用价值高,质量最优;3种不同发育阶段的菌核中,野生黑苓的质量最优。

Studies on microstructure and polysaccharides content of hyphae and sclerotia of Grifola umbellata

Morphology and polysaccharides content of hyphae of 3 different Grifola umbellate strains and microstructure and pdysaccharides sclerotia of Grifola umbellate in various developmental stages were studied. The study showed that hyphae of 3 strains were apparently different in morphology and amount of asexual spores, formation of rhizomorph and calcim oxalate crystal;the hyphae of X2 strain was the best in growth speed,which grew prosperosly and thickly, and content of intracellular polysaccharides and extracellular polysaeeharides of X2 strain were both the highest,being 30.4 mg/g and 0. 111 mg/mL;selerotia derived from hyphae and sclerotia obtained in the field were similar in morphology and microstructure;in polysaeeharides content,wild black selerotia was the highest, being 56.41 mg/g,while artificial white selerotia derived from hyphae was the lowest,being 15.95 mg/g. It could be concluded X2 strain was the best one in 3 different Grifola umbellate strains,and black sclerotia was the highest one in quality.