纳他霉素纳米乳的制备及其体外抑菌效果研究

【目的】制备纳他霉素纳米乳(NATA-NE)，测定其对白色念珠菌（Candida albicans）、青霉菌（Penicillium）和酿酒酵母菌（Saccharomyces cerevisiae）的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀菌浓度（MFC），以指导临床合理用药。【方法】综合纳米乳和纳他霉素的优势，将纳他霉素制成水包油型NATA-NE，以酮康唑和特比萘芬作为阳性药物对照，根据美国临床实验室标准化委员会（NCCLS）制定的真菌体外药敏试验方法M27A和M-38P，测定药物对3种受试菌株的MIC，并研究了NATA-NE的杀菌效果。【结果】NATA-NE对青霉菌、白色念珠菌和酿酒酵母菌的MIC值为1，0.5，0.5 μg/mL；NATA原料药、酮康唑和特比萘芬对上述3种菌的MIC值分别为2，1，1 μg/mL；4，8，8 μg/mL和1，8，16 μg/mL，NATA-NE的MIC值均小于或等于其他3种药物。3种菌在2 μg/mL NATANE的作用下1.5 h后，均未见生长；NATA原料药则需要4 μg/mL、2 h才能达到同样效果，而酮康唑和特比萘芬分别需要16 μg/mL、4 h和32 μg/mL、4 h才能达到同样效果。【结论】临床使用NATA-NE治疗动物真菌病时，可适当降低给药剂量和用药次数，以降低成本和对动物不可预期的副作用。

Preparation of natamycin nanoemulsion and its antifungal effect in vitro

【Objective】Natamycin nanoemulsion was prepared,and clinical therapy was investigated by natamycin nanoemulsion(NATA-NE) on Candida albicans,Penicillium and Saccharomyces cerevisiae the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration(MFC) determination.【Method】Taking advantages of nanoemulsion and natamycin,which was made of the oill-in-water nanoemulsion natamycin,with ketoconazole and terbinafine as a positive drug control,three kinds of strains were measured by Fungi in vitro susceptibility with testing method M-27A,M-38P.According to the clinical laboratory standards(NCCLS) established by national committee,NATA-NE fungicide performance was investigated.【Result】The MIC values of NATA-NE for Penicillium,C.albicans and S.cerevisiae were 1,0.5,0.5 μg/mL;natamycin API,ketoconazole and terbinafine,respectively,for the MIC value of the three fungi were 2,1,1 μg/mL,4,8,8 μg/mL and 1,8,16 μg/mL.NATA-NE of the MIC values were less than or equal to the other three drugs.Three kinds of fungi in 2 μg/mL NATA-NE for more than 1.5 h showed no growth.Natamycin solution needed 4 μg/mL,2 h in order to achieve the same effect.The ketoconazole and terbinafine,respectively,needed 16 μg/mL,4 h and 32 μg/mL,4 h.【Conclusion】In clinical treatment of animal mycosis with NATA-NE,it is appropriate to reduce the dosage so as to reduce costs and unanticipated side effects on animals.