两系杂交稻茎鞘物质运转与籽粒充实特性研究

选用不同类型的两系杂交稻品种,研究了结实期茎鞘物质运转与籽粒灌浆结实的关系。结果表明,两系杂交稻在抽穗后的净光合速率和干物质积累量明显高于三系杂交稻;茎鞘物质的输出率与结实率、充实率、最大灌浆速率和平均灌浆速率呈显著的正相关;各品种以下部茎鞘物质积累多、转运率高;茎鞘物质转运启动时间早、运转强度大,其转运率高、结实率高、充实度好,表明早期转运对籽粒灌浆充实的重要性;抽穗期提高糖花比,同时在灌浆始期促进茎鞘非结构性碳水化合物向籽粒库运转,有利于激发库的活性,启动和促进更多的籽粒灌浆,减少空秕粒的产生,增加籽粒充实率。

Study on the characteristics of carbohydrate transfer of stem and sheath and grain-filling in two-line hybrid rice

The translocation characters of reserves in stem and sheath and its relation to the grain filling were studied during ripening stage with different types two-line hybrid rice.The results showed that:Two-line hybrid rice had obviously higher net photosynthetic rate and dry matter accumulation after heading than that in three-line hybrid rice.EPMSS had significant positive correlations with the ripened grains,the degree of grain-filling,the maximum grain-filling rate and the mean grain-filling rate.The reserves and its translocation of stem and sheath in basic parts were high in all varieties.Because of earlier redistribution and higher amount of translocation of reserves of stem and sheath in the early filling,the translocation rate,the ripened grains and the degree of grain-filling were higher.The result showed the redistribution of reserves in the early filling was important to the grain filling.Improving carbohydrate/spikelet ratio before heading stage and accelerating usable carbohydrate transfer to grains at the beginning of filling are helpful to activate the activities of grains,accelerate filling,reduce unfilled-grain and improve grain plumpness.