高钙高蛋白日粮对青年蛋鸡体液酸碱度和电解质的影响

将100羽35日龄伊沙蛋鸡随机均分为高钙高蛋白组(饲喂含钙36.8 g/kg、蛋白242.5 g/kg的日粮)和对照组(饲喂含钙8.5 g/kg、蛋白175.3 g/kg的日粮)。在饲喂高钙高蛋白日粮32 d时,对2组鸡作动脉血血气分析与血清电解质测定,并利用结肠造口术收集尿液,测定鸡尿液中电解质的变化,以探讨高钙高蛋白日粮对青年蛋鸡体液酸碱度和电解质变化的影响。结果表明,高钙高蛋白日粮能致鸡发生高尿酸血症,同时引起鸡腹泻,使鸡尿量增加,尿液pH较对照显著升高。与对照组相比,高钙高蛋白组鸡血液pH、碳酸氢根及剩余碱显著升高,动脉血氧分压、二氧化碳分压和血氧饱和度显著降低;血清无机磷和钾显著降低,血清尿酸、钙显著升高,镁、钠和氯离子稍有变化,但在统计学上差异不显著;尿液中尿酸、钙、氯的相对含量和24 h总量显著升高,镁相对含量和24 h总量显著下降。说明高钙高蛋白日粮在引起青年蛋鸡高尿酸血症的同时,能致鸡代谢性碱中毒和电解质代谢紊乱。

Effect of dietary high calcium and high protein on acid-base and electrolyte in growers

One hundred healthy 35-day growers were randomly divided into two groups.The growers in different groups were fed with normal calcium and crude protein diet(control 0.85% calcium and 17.53% crude protein) and high calcium and high protein diet(HCHP 3.68% calcium and 24.25% crude protein) respectively.According to experimental design,the blood gas and electrolyte of serum and urine were studied.The results showed HCHP diets could cause hyperuricaemia and diarrhea.Growers raised on HCHP diet had unsignificantly higher volume of urine than the control.Growers raised on HCHP diet had significantly higher urine pH than the control.The growers raised on HCHP diet had significantly higher blood pH,HCO~-_3,BE than the control.P_(O_2),P_(CO_2),S_(O_2) decreased in blood in the HCHP group as compared with the control group.Phosphorus and potassium decreased in the serum in the HCHP group,meanwhile,uric acid and calcium increased in the HCHP as compared with the control group.The relative contents and 24 h urinary excretion of uric acid,calcium,chlorine for HCHP growers were significantly higher when compared with the control growers.The relative contents and 24 h urinary excretion of magnesium for HCHP growers were significantly lower than those of the control growers.In conclusion,HCHP diets could cause hyperuricaemia,metabolic alkalosis and disorder of acid-base and electrolyte in growers.