西北地区植物源杀菌剂初步筛选

室内以离体方法测试了采自西北地区的187种植物样品的丙酮提取物,对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytiscirerea)、小麦赤霉病菌(Fusariumgraminearum)、苹果炭疽病菌(Glomerellacingulata)、辣椒疫霉病菌(Phytophthoracapsici)和玉米大斑病菌(Exserohilumturcicum)等5种病原真菌的抑菌活性,并以活体方法测定了部分样品对番茄灰霉病菌和小麦白粉病菌(Blumeriagraminis)的防治效果。筛选出了对供试病原菌有80%以上离体抑菌效果或有50%(或60%)以上防效的植物样品98种,其中菊科24种、豆科10种、伞行科7种、藜科5种,其余科均不足5种。通过综合分析认为,苦豆子、石榴、大花金挖耳、苍耳、孜然等10余种植物具有明显的开发研究价值。

Screening on the resouses of botanical fungicides in Northwest China

The bioactivities of the acetone extracts of fungicidal plants collected from Northwest China were tested with Botrytis cirerea,Fusarium graminearum,Glomerella cingulata,Phytophthora capsici,Exserohilum turcicum etc in vitro and with Botrytis cirerea,Blumeria graminis in vivo in the laboratory.Results showed that 98 species of them present more than 80% antifungal activities to the first five test fungal or 50% (or 60%) bioactivities to the latter,of which 24 species from Compositae,10 species form Leguminosa,7 species from Umbelliferae,5 species from Chenopodiaceae and less than 5 species from the others.The author proved that more than 10 species which included Sophora alopecuroides,Carpesium macrocephalum,Carum cyminum,were worth developing.