子午岭不同生境类型青步甲属(Chlaenius)物种的分布格局研究

【目的】以青步甲属(Chlaenius)昆虫为研究对象，对甘肃子午岭天然次生林区干扰程度不同的生境类型中青步甲属物种的组成和分布格局进行研究，揭示物种对环境的依赖性和指示作用。【方法】采用巴氏诱罐法诱捕昆虫，研究子午岭次生林区干扰程度不同的7种代表性植被类型，对青步甲属的物种多样性与物种数量和分布的影响。【结果】子午岭天然次生林区不同生境类型共采集青步甲标本776头，隶属于10个种，其中毛青步甲(Chlaenius pallipes Gebler)、黄缘青步甲(Ch.spoliatus Rossi)、后黄斑青步甲(Ch.posticalis Motschulsky)和黄边青步甲(Ch.circumdatus Brulle)是该地区的常见种，个体数量之和占该属个体总数的77.4%。生境类型影响青步甲属物种的丰富度和数量分布，其数值由高到低依次为人工油松林、天然油松林、针阔混交林、阔叶混交林、杂木林、灌丛和草地，其中丰富度（S）指数依次为8.63，8.39，8.29，6.33，5.27，4.39，4.21；物种多样性指数(H′)由高到低依次为针阔混交林（1.867）、人工油松林（1.829）、阔叶混交林（1.701）、天然油松林（1.637）、杂木林（1.591）、灌丛（1.533）和草地（1.099）；均匀度指数(E_D)的变化趋势与物种多样性指数(H′)基本一致。人为或自然干扰程度影响青步甲属物种的种类组成和个体数量分布，严重干扰减少物种种类和数量；在轻度干扰的情况下，物种的种类和数量最多；在几乎没有人为干扰的生境中，个体数量有下降趋势。【结论】青步甲物种多样性及物种数量和分布受生境类型及生境受干扰程度的影响。

Studies on species distribution patterns of Chlaenius (Coleoptera:Carabidae)in different habitat types of Ziwuling natural secondary forest region

【Objective】 With the case of Carabidae(Chlaenius)insects as the object,the study focused on the younger carabid species composition and distribution pattern in Gansu Ziwuling natural secondary forests in the degree of interference of different habitat types,the results revealed species-dependent and indicated the role of the environment.【Method】 Pitfall traps were used in the field collections to study the effect of 7 representative types of vegetation Ziwuling secondary forest region disturbance to different degrees on the Chlaenius species diversity and species number and distribution.【Result】 During the field research,a total of 776 beetle specimens were collected.10 species of Chlaenius were recorded,of which four species,Chlaenius pallipes,Ch.spoliatus,Ch.posticalis,Ch.circumdatus,were common species in this area and accounted for 77.4% of total specimens.Habitat types affected Chlaenius species richness and abundance distribution,its numerical value from high to low order was Pinus tabulaefomis plantation,Pinus tabulaefomis nature,mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest,mixed broad-leaved forest,hardwood forest,shrubs and meadows,the richness index(S)8.63,8.39,8.29,6.33,5.27,4.39,4.21;the species diversity index(H′)from high to low order was mixed coniferous broad-leaved forest(1.867),Pinus tabulaefomis plantation(1.829),mixed broad-leaved forest(1.701),Pinus tabulaefomis nature(1.637),hardwood forest(1.591),shrubs(1.533),and meadows(1.099);evenness index(ED)trends and changes in the species diversity index(H′)were basically the same.Artificial or natural disturbance degree influenced chlaenius species composition and abundance distribution,serious interference reduction in species and quantity;in mild condition,species and number peaked;in almost no human-disturbed habitats,there was a decreasing trend in individual number.【Conclusion】 The Chlaenius species diversity and species number and distribution are influenced by habitat types and habitats of different interference degrees.