玉米地方品种耐低磷性状苗期筛选指标研究

【目的】研究低磷胁迫下玉米地方品种苗期的主要生物学特性,筛选玉米苗期耐低磷胁迫的指标。【方法】以10个玉米地方品种为材料,设置低磷和正常磷处理,采用田间试验研究了玉米地方品种苗期的主要形态和生理指标,并分析了其相关关系。【结果】低磷胁迫对玉米地方品种苗期干物重和植株吸磷量影响较大,不同品种的耐低磷性存在明显的基因型差异,干物重和植株吸磷量可作为玉米地方品种耐低磷种质的筛选指标,酸性磷酸酯酶活性可作为筛选耐低磷种质的生化指标。【结论】以干物重和植株吸磷量为指标筛选耐低磷种质能很好地兼顾其他生物学性状,说明培育高产耐低磷玉米品种是可行的。

Studies on screening indexes of maize landraces for low-P intolerant traits at seedling stage

Objective] In order to screen indexes of maize landraces for low-P intolerant traits at seed- ling stage, their biological characteristics were studied. Method] Main biological traits of maize and their relationships were investigated under both P-deficiency and P-sufficiency condition, with 10 landraces at seedling stage. Result] P-deficiency had greater influence on dry matter weight and P intake. There existed genotype differences of maize landraces in tolerance to low-P stress. Dry matter weight and P intake were suggested as reliable screening standards to identify low-P intolerant germplasm in landraces and Apase activity as physiological one. The results based on the correlation analysis indicated that dry matter weight of maize landraces had relationships with other 6 biological traits under P-deficiency. Conclusion] It is possible that maize varieties could be developed with high economic yield and P-efficiency.