玉米杂交种选育趋势初探

对1983～1994年陕西省夏玉米中热组区域试验参试杂交种的产量及其构成因素等性状变化趋势的分析结果表明,参试杂交种的产量水平逐年提高;单株产量构成因素中穗行数明显增多,行粒数逐渐减少,千粒重变化不大;植株较矮的紧凑型杂交种所占比例逐年增加。预计近期内玉米杂交种将向多穗行的大穗紧凑型发展。

An Analysis of the Trend in Breeding Hybrids of Maize

The characteristics of hybrids examined in the regional tests between 1983 and 1994 for medium maturing hybrids of summer maize in Shaanxi Province were studied. It was found that the yields of hybrids examined increased year by year. The analysis of compenents of yields per plant showed that the lately-bred hybrids got much more row numbers per ear, less kernels per row and generaly-unchanged 1000-grain weight compared with early bred ones. In addition, the proportion of dwarf and erect-leaf hybrids in all hybrids tested became larger and larger. It can be predicted in the near future that new hybrids of maize still tend to have shorter stems, erecter leaves and thicker ears bearing more rows of grains.