亚热带地区夏季温室温度调节措施效果比较

【目的】建立亚热带温室热环境调节试验平台，以解决亚热带地区夏季温室内高温不利于作物生长的问题。【方法】研究开窗、外搭遮阳网、屋顶喷淋、开启湿帘风机和室内喷雾等5种单项调节措施及外搭遮阳网分别与开窗、开启湿帘风机和屋顶喷淋相结合3种组合措施对温室温度的影响，探讨亚热带地区夏季温室不同降温措施的温度调节特性。【结果】采取8种降温措施后，温室内外温差由小到大依次为：外搭遮阳网与开启湿帘风机组合、开启湿帘风机、外搭遮阳网与开窗组合、外搭遮阳网与屋顶喷淋组合、室内喷雾、开窗、屋顶喷淋、外搭遮阳网。其中，采用外搭遮阳网与开启湿帘风机组合及单独湿帘风机2种调节措施，温室内温度可低于室外温度；采取室内喷雾措施降温速度最快；采取屋顶喷淋和外搭遮阳网2种措施降温效果较差，但可降低薄膜内壁温度。【结论】根据各降温措施的降温特点及效果，亚热带地区夏季温室应依据实际生产情况灵活选择适宜的降温方式。

Comparison of the effects of temperature regulating measurements for summer greenhouse in subtropics area

【Objective】 In order to lower the high temperature of greenhouse in subtropical area in summer,a greenhouse thermal environment experimental platform was built.【Method】 The influence of different temperature regulating measurements such as pad-and-fan,windows opening,shading,roof sprinkling and other combination methods for indoor temperature of greenhouse was researched.And the characteristics of thermal environment regulation for greenhouse were discussed.【Result】 The result indicated that sequence from the highest to the lowest of indoor and outdoor temperature difference of these 8 cooling methods is pad-and-fan combined with shading,pad-and-fan,shading combined with windows opening,roof shading combined with roof sprinkling,indoor spray,windows opening,roof sprinkling,and roof shading.Two methods such as pad-and-fan combined with shading,pad-and-fan are the most effective cooling methods.They can cool the air under outdoor temperature during experiment.Meanwhile the cooling speed of indoor spray is the fastest.And other two methods,roof shading and roof sprinkling,had little cooling effect,but they can lower the temperature of film.【Conclusion】 According to the characteristics and effects of cooling measurements,appropriate cooling measurements should be chosen flexibly by actual production for subtropical area summer greenhouse.