醋酸铅对小鼠胚胎体内发育毒性的研究

采用饮水染毒法研究碱式醋酸铅对小鼠早期胚胎体内发育的毒性。将体重 (1 5± 2 ) g的母鼠随机分为高剂量、中剂量、低剂量染毒组和对照组。从试验的第 1天起 ,染毒组小鼠分别于下午 1 7:0 0至次日上午 8:0 0自由饮用 5 .0 ,1 .0和 0 .2 g/L醋酸铅溶液 ,次日上午 8:0 0至下午 1 7:0 0更换为自来水 ,如此循环 ,持续 2 1 d;对照组小鼠一直自由饮用自来水。染毒结束后 ,进行正常饲喂、饮水至试验结束。从第 2 6天开始对小鼠进行超排 ,超排小鼠分别在注射 h CG后的 4 8,72和 96 h回收输卵管及 /或子宫胚胎。结果显示 ,在注射 h CG后 4 8h回收胚胎时 ,染毒各组超排小鼠正常 2～ 4 - C胚胎占回收总数的比率与对照组无显著差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;72 h回收胚胎时 ,高、低剂量组的桑葚胚比率极显著低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,中剂量组则显著低于对照组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;96 h回收胚胎时 ,高剂量组囊胚比率极显著低于对照组 (P<0 .0 1 ) ,中、低剂量组的囊胚比率与对照组差异不显著 (P>0 .0 5 ) ,且此时各染毒组的退化胚比率均极显著高于对照组 (P<0 .0 1 )。结论认为 ,铅能显著影响体内胚胎从 2 - C期进一步发育为桑葚胚和囊胚 ,并使胚胎发育延迟、停滞和退化

Developmental toxicity of lead acetate on mouse embryo in vivo

The toxicity of lead acetate on embryo development in vivo was investigated on mice by adding lead acetate into drinking water.Female mice of body weight (15±2) g were divided into a high dose,a moderate dose,a low dose and control group randomly.Mice in test groups drank 5.0,1.0 and 0.2 g/L lead acetate solution separately from 17:00 pm of the first day to 8:00 am of next day,then the three kinds of solutions were replaced by water from 8:00 am to 17:00 pm of the next day,so was done repeatedly for 21 days;mice in control group always drank water.Then all the mice were raised normally untill the end of the test.From day 26,mice were conducted to superovulation,and the embryos in oviduct and uterus were collected at 48 h,72 h and 96 h after hCG were injected.Results showed that the ratio of normal 2-4-C embryo collected from the test groups has no statistical difference (P>0.05) with control group after 48 h injected with hCG.Morulae ratio of high dose and low lose groups were lower very significantly than that of control group (P<0.01) after 72 h injected with hCG,and the morulae ratio of moderate dose group was significantly lower that of control group (P>0.05).The blastocysts ratio of high dose group was very significantly lower than that of control group (P>0.01) after 96 h injected with hCG,and the ratio of moderate dose and low lose groups has no significant difference with that of control that of control group (P>0.01).These results suggested that lead acetate could remarkably affect the divelpment embryos in vivo from 2-4-C into morulae and blastocysts,and made embryo retardance,stagnancy and degeneration during development.