无核白葡萄叶内矿质元素含量年生长季内的变化

葡萄叶片营养诊断是指导葡萄树合理施肥的有效手段,了解葡萄树生长期间主要矿质元素的含量变化规律,是制定叶片营养诊断标准并进行叶片营养诊断的基础。测定了新疆无核白葡萄叶内9种主要矿质元素含量在年生长季内的变化情况。结果表明,叶片及叶柄中N,K含量在葡萄年生长季内的变化呈下降趋势,其中叶片N含量在初花期至盛花后第6周下降最为明显;叶片及叶柄中P含量呈上升趋势;叶片中N含量显著高于叶柄,而叶柄中P,K含量明显高于叶片;平均来看,叶片中N,P,K含量的变异明显高于叶柄。随着葡萄年生长进程的推进,葡萄叶柄Ca,Mn含量显著增加,Cu含量呈缓升趋势,Mg,Zn含量基本保持稳定,Fe含量波动较大。综合考虑认为,对无核白葡萄叶进行N,P,K等养分诊断时,适宜的采样时期是盛花后5周左右,即葡萄果实膨大进入浆果期前。

Annual changes of mineral elements in foliar of thompsons seedless

Foliar analysis is a helpful tool for the adequate fertilization of grape tree.Understanding the changes of nutrients during the growth of the tree is very important to make the standards of nutrients in foliar.The annual changes of nine essential mineral elements in the foliar of Thompsons Seedless in Xin-jiang Autonomous Region were analyzed to determine the adequate sampling time for foliar analysis of grape.The result showed that the contents of N and K in leaves and petioles decreased with the growth of grape,and the decreasing rate of N in leaves was more significant from early blooming to the sixth week after the full blooming period;on the contrary,the contents of P in leaves and petioles increased.The content of N in leaves were higher than that in petioles,and P and K in petioles were higher than those in leaves.Compared with petioles the variation of N,P,and K in leaves were greater.With the growth of grape,the contents of Ca,Mn increased significantly,the contents of Cu increased slowly,and Mg and Zn remained stable.And there was great variation for Fe in the petiole in the growth period of plant.It was recommended that the adequate sampling time for diagnosing the nutritional status N,P and K of the grape is about the sixth week after the full blooming,i.e.the time before the fruit enters the great expanding period.