小麦性状的遗传参数与综合选择

对１３个品种（系）的１４个性状的５种遗传参数研究表明：单位面积穗数对产量的直接贡献最大，足够而合理的穗数是高产品种高产的最重要基础；通过增加穗粒数、千粒重来提高群体平均单穗重应作为高产育种的一个主攻目标；多性状组合选择的效果优于单性状选择；矮秆与高籽秆比无必然因果关系，两性状组合选择方能高产；“千粒重＋株高”相对选择效率较高、简单易行，可作为综合选择的较佳指标。

The Genetic Parameters of Wheat Characters and Their Combination Selection

A study on 5 genetic parametres of 14 characters from 13 wheat varieties(lines)indicated that:1)The most important factor of high production for high-yieldingvarieties was the sufficient and reasonable amouiit of spikes;2)For varieties with lessstraw and more spikes,to increase the number of grains per spike and to raise the thou-sand-grain weight could increase grain weight per tspike;3)Low straw and high harvestindex should be used as a combination character for selection:4)The effects of combina-tion selection were more efficient than that of using only one character to raise yield po-tential.Thus,it is concluded that the combination of the two characters of thousand-grain weight and plant height is a better index for selection,because it is easy to operateand has higher selcction efficiency.