百里杜鹃林区采煤塌陷前后土壤养分状况对比研究

【目的】揭示采煤塌陷对贵州百里杜鹃林区土壤养分的影响。方法】在选取典型对比样地的基础上，对百里杜鹃林区不同层次土壤进行了分层对比分析。【结果]结果表明，采煤塌陷后，百里杜鹃林区土壤酸性减弱，向中性趋近；土壤有机质含量有降低的趋势；土壤全量养分（全氮、全磷、全钾）含量有所提高；有效氮（铵态氮、硝态氮）含量总体提高，但速效磷、速效钾含量明显降低。结论]采煤塌陷打破了百里杜鹃林区土壤养分的平衡，尤其是减少了有效磷、有效钾的供应。

Comparison Study on Soil Nutrients of Hundred-mile Rhododedron Forest Zone before and after the Mining Subsidence

Objective]The aim was to reveal the impact mechanism of coal mining collapse on soil nutrient of Hundred-mile Rhododendron Forest Zone of Guizhou. Method]The soil of different levels were analyzed comparatively based on typical contrast plots. Result] The results were summarized as follows, for the soil of Hundred-mile Rhododendron Forest Zone, after the occurrence of coal mining subsidence, the soil acidity was weaker than before, and tended to be neutral; the soil organic matter took a tendency to decrease; the soil total nutrient content （total nitrogen, total phosphorus and total potassium） improved to some extent; and the soil available nitrogen content （ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen） overall improved, but the content of available phosphorus and available＇ potassium significantly decreased. Conclusion] Generally speaking, coal mining collapse broke the balance of soil nutrients of Hundred-mile Rhododendron Forest Zone of Guizhou, especially cased the decrease of available phosphorous and available potassium.