冬小麦籽粒蛋白质和赖氨酸含量的遗传分析

对5×5完全双列杂交下的冬小麦籽粒蛋白质和赖氨酸含量进行了遗传分析。双列表的方差分析表明,蛋白质和赖氨酸含量有极显著的基因加性方差(a)和显性方差(b)。其中b极显著主要是基因分布不对称方差(b_2)和个别组合的基因互作(b_3)所引起,二者的直接杂种优势(b_1)均不显著。蛋白质含量的母本效应(c与d)均显著(与配合力分析反交效应极显著一致)。而赖氨酸含量的c显著,d则不显著。t~2测验和各区组Wr-Vr(Wr为各公共亲本系列的亲子协方差,Vr为各公共亲本系列的方差)的方差分析表明,蛋白质和赖氨酸含量的遗传均不存在上位性。蛋白质和赖氨酸含量的平均显性度((H_1/D)~(1/2))均为超显性。各亲本的显性等位基因比隐性等位基因要多,显性的方向指向减效。蛋白质和赖氨酸含量的狭义遗传力分别为39.04％和25.30％。

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF GRAIN PROTEIN AND LYSINE CONTENT OF WINTER WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVAM L.)

A set of 5×5 diallel crosses was conducted to analyses the genetic type of grain protein and lysine content. The results were as follows: The analysis of variance for the diallel table showed that gene dominance (a) and additive (b) variance were highly significant for these two characters.The highly significant b was mainly caused by the variance of asymmetry of gene distribution (b_2) and gene interaction effect of some crosses (b_3), the direct heterosis (b_1) was not significant. The maternal effects (c and d) of protein content were significant, which were in accordance with the results of combining ability that the reciprocal effects were highly significant. For lysine content, c was significant and d was not significant. The results indicated that the inheritance of these two characters was controlled by both additive and non-additive effects. The results of t~2test and analysis of variance of Wr-Vr for each block showed that there was no epistasis in the heritance of the both characters. The mean degrees of dominance (H_1/d)~(1/2) of protein and lysine content were overdominance. There were more dominant allelic genes than recessive ones in each parent. The directions of dominance were reducing the effects. The narrow sense heritabilities of protein and lysine content were 39.04% and 25.30% respectively.