叶面喷施氮肥对万寿菊生长发育和花产量的影响

采用盆栽试验,分别于苗期、现蕾期、初花期3个喷肥时期及N1(0.025%N)、N2(0.05%N)、N3(0.075%N)、N4(0.1%N)4个喷氮水平下,研究了叶面喷施不同水平氮肥对万寿菊生长发育和花产量累计动态的影响.结果表明:叶面喷施氮肥对万寿菊形态指标、花产量及其累计速率都有明显的正效应.对形态指标的影响在初花期十分明显,其中株高、分枝数和叶干质量随喷氮水平的提高而依次递增,与CK相比,增幅分别为:0.88%~7.36%1、3.04%~34.78%和11.63%~44.96%.花朵数、花鲜质量和花干质量等的累计值均在N3水平达到最高值,且现蕾期和采收2-3次花后2个时期为叶面喷施氮肥的最佳时期.

Effects of nitrogen fertilization by leaf spraying on growth and flower yield of marigold (Tagetes erecta L)

Pot experiment was carried out to determine the effects of nitrogen fertilization by leaf spraying on nutrient growth and flower quality of marigold(Tagetes erecta L) in terms of plant height,branch number,leaf dry weight,flower number,fresh weight and dry weight.A total of four nitrogen treatments with different rates and timing were investigated.Nitrogen fertilization treatment was designed at four levels as 0.025 %(N1),0.05 %(N2),0.075 %(N3) and 0.1 %(N4).The leaf spray period was divided into three stages as seedling stage,budding stage and initial blooming stage.The results showed that the positive effects of nitrogen fertilizer were found in marigold morphological characters,marigold yield and its average accumulation rate at different fertilization levels.In contrast to CK,plant height,branch number and dry weight of leaf increased with increasing nitrogen rates,respectively by increase ranges of 0.88 %～7.36 %,13.04 %～34.78 % and 11.63 %～44.96 %.The indexes of flower yield,including flower number,fresh weight and dry weight,reached relevant maximum values at the treatment level of 0.075 % nitrogen(N3).The results also suggest that nitrogen fertilization by leaf spraying should be carried out at the budding stage and after two or three times of harvesting so that the highest yield of marigold could be obtained.