灌淤土连续施用氯化铵效应的研究

１９８８～１９９３年的定位试验表明，对灌淤土连续６年施用氯化铵的肥效与等Ｎ量尿素和硝酸铵的肥效相同或略有提高。在每ｈｍ￣２施用１５０Ｋｇ的条件下，每公斤氯化铵Ｎ平均增产小麦１１．５Ｋｇ，尿素与硝酸铵Ｎ分别增产９．７和１０．２Ｋｇ。氯化铵对春小麦的生长发育、养分吸收和产品质量均无不良影响。６年中随氯化铵进入土壤中的Ｃ１￣－，有９．９％～１５．１％被作物带走，３８．３％～６８．２％被淋洗至１５０ｃｍ以下，０～１５０ｃｍ土层残留１６．７％～５１．８％。但耕作层（０～２０ｃｍ）残留很少。仅０．３５％～１．１％，因此不会对春小麦的种子萌发、出苗和生长造成危害。

Effect of Continuous Application of NH_4 C1 on Irrigation -Alluvial Soil Jin Shooling

A field experiment from 1988 through 1993 showed that the effect of continuous ap-plication of NH_4 C1 during the 6 years of experiment was equal to or slightly larger than that of CO(NH_2)2 and NH_4NO_3 with the same amount of N. When nitrogen fertilizer was applied at a rate of 150Kg N/hm￣2, each kg N of NH_4C1 increased 11.5 Kg grain of spring wheat. Each Kg N of CO(NH_2)2 and NH_4NO_3,however,increased 9.7and 10.2Kg grain, respectively. There was no harm ful effect on the growth and development, nutrient uptake and grain quality of spring wheat when NH_4C1 was applied, If the C1￣-entered the soil with NH_4C1 during the experiment period, 9.9%～15.1%was carried by the crop,38.3%～68.2%was reached into deep layer and 16.7%～51。8%was remained in 0～150 cm soil layer.But there was little residue of C1 (only 0.35%～1.1%) in the arable layer,therefore,it did not harm emergence of seedlings and growth of springwheat.