基于灰色多目标线性规划的庄浪县土地利用结构优化研究

选取大陆性季风气候特征的甘肃省庄浪县进行实例分析,综合考虑经济效益、生态效益和社会效益,采用灰色多目标线性规划法,建立目标函数,得出最优的土地利用结构优化方案,并用常规的叠加法将确定的土地利用数量结构方案优化配置到具体的地域空间.结果表明:庄浪县在土地利用过程中用地盲目性、随意性大,导致结构与布局不稳定;以最优化理论为指导思想,得出3个备选方案,方案一生态效益最大化,方案二经济效益最大化,方案三不仅使耕地面积达到72 890.87hm2,实现庄浪县耕地保有量目标规划的要求,而且通过增加2 297.26hm2的园地面积和5 429.57hm2的林地面积来提高生态效益,随着城镇化进程的加剧,城镇用地规模增加至1 765.05hm2,农村居民点面积减少了476.45hm2,且采矿、交通等非农建设用地也分别有所增加;在Arcgis中将最优土地利用数量结构落实到具体的地域,实现了土地利用数量结构和空间结构的有效统一.

Optimization of land use structure in Zhuanglang County based on grey multi-objective linear programming

Zhuanglang County,where has typical continental monsoon climate,was chosen as study case in this paper.Based on comprehensive consideration of economic,social and ecological benefits,the best land use structure program was carried out by adopting gray multi-objective linear programming method to establish an objective function.Meanwhile,the superposition method was used to configure the determined land use structure program to space.The results showed that the unstable land use structure and layout was caused by blindness and arbitrariness in Zhuanglang County.According to optimization theory as guideline,there were three feasible solutions,scheme one would maximize the environment benefit,scheme two would maximize the economic benefit,and scheme three would not only achieve the local requirements of least cultivated areas of 72 890.87 hm2,but also improved the ecological benefit through increasing 2 297.26 hm2 of garden plot and 5 429.57 hm2 of forest land.Meanwhile,with the aggravation of the urbanization process,urban land use scale increased to 1 765.05 hm2 and rural residential area reduced by 476.45 hm2,the non-agricultural construction land would increase,such as urban land,mining leases and traffic land,etc.Through comparing the results of the three schemes,scheme three was the most optimal.Superposition method would be the optimal land use structure and quantity implement to specific area,realize land use structure and quantity and space structure of the effective unity.