麦草全量还田与氮肥施用量对水稻产量和品质的影响

以中粳稻‘淮稻9号’为材料,通过田间试验研究了麦草全量还田下,不同氮肥施用量对水稻产量和稻米品质的影响.结果表明:麦草全量还田较麦草不还田,水稻的产量平均提高了3%,其主要原因是还田条件下,水稻每穗粒数、结实率和千粒质量均较不还田条件有所提高;在品质方面,水稻的糙米率,精米率和整精米率也比不还田条件下有所提高;垩白率和垩白度有所降低,表明麦草全量还田能改善稻米的加工和外观品质.随着氮肥的施用量增加,水稻的产量随之提高,但中氮(MN)和高氮(HN)水平下,水稻产量之间无显著差异,稻米的垩白度和垩白率随氮肥水平的增加均有所提高,麦草还田则能缓解稻米垩白度和垩白率的提高.综合分析表明,麦草还田下中氮(MN)水平处理水稻产量和品质达到最佳.

Effect of wheat-residue returning and N-fertilizer application on yield and quality in rice

The effects of different N-fertilizer and wheat-residue on rice yield and quality were researched by using Japonia rice Huaidao 9 as materials.The results showed that the rice yield was increased by the straw residue,and per panicles,percentage of ripened grains and 1 000-grain weight were increased.Brown rice,milled rice,head milled rice and the length/width were increased by wheat-residue,and chalky grains and chalkiness were decreased.With N-fertilizer amount increasing,rice yield was increased and grain quality got better.And rice yield was the highest and the grain quality was the best of all under MN.