4个非-Reid类玉米自交系主要性状配合力分析研究

按不完全双列杂交设计(NCⅡ杂交设计)组配了44个杂交组合,对4个非-Reid(非瑞德)群自交系的一般配合力和特殊配合力进行分析.结果表明:增加产量配合力高的组合有‘LX9801×9858’、‘LX9801×8112’、‘LX9801×9058’、‘LX9801×9537’、‘昌7-2×沈137’、‘昌7-2×5276’、‘昌7-2×9537’、‘7117×5003’、‘7117×9858’、‘7117×郑58’、‘7117×9558’、‘K12×沈137’、‘K12×478’、‘K12×8112’、‘K12×K22’;增加百粒质量配合力高的组合有‘LX9801×K22’、‘LX9801×9537’、‘昌7-2×K22’、‘昌7-2×5276’、‘7117×郑58’、‘7117×9558’、‘K12×沈137’、‘K12×478’、‘K12×9058’、‘K12×8112’、‘K12×5003’;降低株高配合力高的组合有‘7117×5276’、‘昌7-2×9558’、‘7117×9537’、‘7117×K22’、‘7117×478’、‘昌7-2×郑58’;降低穗位高配合力高的组合有‘昌7-2×郑58’、‘7117×K22’、‘7117×9537’、‘昌7-2×5003’、‘7117×8112’、‘昌7-2×9058’;在4个非-Reid父本系中,产量配合力由高到低依次为‘LX9801’>‘昌7-2’>‘K12’=‘7117’;‘7117’一般配合力低于‘昌7-2’,可使F1代行粒数增加,并有降低株高和穗位的致矮遗传效应;对受加性基因控制的穗长、结实长、穗粗、穗行数、行粒数、株高、百粒质量等性状,宜进行早代选择;穗位、叶面积系数和小区产量等性状受非加性基因作用相对较大,宜进行晚代选择;应扩大供体遗传范围对‘昌7-2’受体进行遗传改良.

Combining ability analysis on main characters of four non-Reid maize inbred lines

Based on incomplete diallel croReid design(NCⅡcroReid design),44 hybridized combinations were made with 4 non-Reid inbred lines to study the general combining ability(GCA) and special combining ability(SCA) of these inbred lines.The results showed that 'LX9801×9858','LX9801×8112','LX9801×9058','LX9801×9537','Chang7-2×Shen137','Chang7-2×5276','Chang7-2×9537','7117×5003','7117×9858','7117×Zheng58','7117×9558','K12×Shen137','K12×478','K12×8112' and 'K12×K22' were better on increasing yield;'LX9801×K22','LX9801×9537','Chang7-2×K22','Chang7-2×5276','7117×Zheng58','7117×9558','K12×Shen137','K12×478','K12×9058','K12×8112' and 'K12×5003' were better on increasing hundred-seed weight;'7117×5276','Chang 7-2×9558','7117×9537','7117×K22','7117×478' and 'Chang7-2×Zheng58' were better on decreasing plant height;'Chang7-2×Zheng58','7117×K22','7117×9537','Chang7-2×5003','7117×8112' and 'Chang7-2×9058' were better on decreasing ear height;in the 4 non-Reid male parent inbred lines,the yield combining ability from high to low were 'LX9801'>'Chang7-2'>'K12'='7117';the GCA of '7117' was lower than that of 'Chang7-2',which had the ability to increase kernels per row of F1,to reduce plant height and ear height;ear length,solid length,ear width,rows per ear,kernels per row,plant height,kernel weight were controlled by additive genes,and should be early generation selection for the breeding of inbred lines;ear height,leaf area index and plot yield were mostly controlled by non-additive genes,and should be late generation selection for the breeding of inbred lines;the genetic range of donors should be expanded to improve 'Chang7-2'.