动物细胞遗传学研究现状及其应用

本文介绍了细胞遗传学在动物方面的研究现状及其在畜牧业上的应用。细胞遗传学的研究主要以染色体为对象。目前世界上现存的哺乳动物约4100多种,其中进行过染色体研究或核型分析的有1468种,我国已研究过的有242种。细胞遗传学在人类医学上的应用是众所周知的,在畜牧业上主要用于对种畜进行细胞学检查,以消除对家畜繁殖性能有影响的畸变染色本,以染色体标记来识别家畜品种,对环境污染的监测及遗传操作中的染色体工程。

The Situation of Cytogenetic Study and Its Application in Animal Husbandry

Objective of cytogenetics focus on the chromosome. About 4171 species of mammal are existing at present, in which 1468 species in world or 242 species in China have been karyotyped. The cytogenetics has been used in human clinical medicine. In animal husbandry, it was used for the cytological examination of the breeding stocks to eliminate the chromosomal aberration which affected the reproductive performance, the evaluation of environment pollution, the identification of breeds in domestic animal based on their chromosomal marker and the chromosome engineering in the genetic manipulation.