22种中草药对畜禽常见肠道病原菌的体外抑菌作用

对22种中草药对常见畜禽肠道病原菌的抗菌活性进行了定量分析.采用水煎法提取中草药有效成分,通过体外抑菌试验检测不同提取成分的抑菌活性,确定其体外最小抑菌浓度(MIC).结果表明:对9种常见肠道病原菌(大肠杆菌(O2、O8、O78、O139)、猪伤寒沙门氏菌、猪霍乱沙门氏菌、鸡伤寒沙门氏菌、鸡白痢沙门氏菌、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌)抑菌圈最大的为黄芩、五倍子、乌梅,其抑菌圈直径在15～25mm,其次为诃子、大黄、草河车,其抑菌圈直径在10～20mm;五倍子、诃子、黄芩、乌梅最小抑菌浓度在0.031～0.125g/mL,石榴皮、地榆、黄连、大黄、艾叶最小抑菌浓度在0.031～0.250g/mL.说明22种中草药对上述细菌具有不同程度的抑菌效果,尤以五倍子、诃子、黄芩、地榆、乌梅较其他中草药的抑菌效果更佳(P<0.05).

In vitro bacteriostasis test of 22 Chinese herbal medicines on common pathogenic bacteria from livestock and poultry intestines

The antimicrobial assay by plate diluting and the modified two fold dilution methods were used to measure the bacterial inhibition diameter and minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of 22 kind of Chinese herbal medicine extracts with water against 9 livestock and poultry pathogenic bacteria.Antimicrobial activities of different extracts were validated by in vitro bacteriostasis test,and the MIC was determined.The results showed that most of extracts with water effectively inhibited the growth of common pathogenic bacteria from livestock and poultry intestines,and the MIC showed disparity against different bacteria.Those values for bacterial strains were in the range of 0.031~0.125 g/mL.As a whole,each extracts with water from 22 kind of Chinese herbal medicines had different effects on antibacterial activity,especially extracts from Galla chinensis,Fructus chebulae,Radix scutellariae,Radix sanguisorbae,Fructus mume(P<0.05) had a better effect than the others.