不同薄壳山核桃品种果实形态特征分析

为豫南地区薄壳山核桃引种及良种选育提供基础数据，试验以信阳引种的5号、13号、20号、21号、35号、64号、104号等7个主栽薄壳山核桃品种为对象，测定其果质量、果纵横径、果皮厚度、坚果质量、坚果纵横径、坚果壳厚度、种仁质量、出仁率以及果形指数等果实形态指标，结果显示：除坚果壳厚度指数外，其余特征指数间均存在显著差异；果质量、坚果质量、种仁质量、出仁率均以104号、5号为佳；坚果壳厚度以5号、64号为薄；果形指数以104号、64号为大。研究表明：不同薄壳山核桃品种果实形态特征差异明显，同一品种并不兼备所有优异性，综合分析，引种的薄壳山核桃品种中104号、5号在果实形态中显示出果重、壳薄、出仁率高等优良特性，可作为信阳地区主栽品种的优选对象。

Analysis of Fruit Morphological Characteristics of Different Carya illinoensis

To provide basic data for the introduction of thin shell Carya illinoensis and selection of good varieties in southern Henan,7 main Carya illinoensis varieties introducied from Xinyang,which included No.5, No.13, No.20, No.21,No.35,No.64 and No.104,were used as objects, its fruit quality,fruit vertical and horizontal diameter, peel thickness, nut quality, nut vertical and horizontal diameter, nut shell thickness, kernel quality, kernel yield, fruit shape index and other fruit morphological characteristics were determined..It''s concluded that there are significant differences in other characteristic indexes except for nut shell thickness index; No. 104 and No.5 are better in fruit quality, nut quality, kernel quality and kernel yield, No.5 and No. 64 have thinner nut shells,No.104 and No.64 have bigger fruit shape indexes and no variety has all the excellent characteristics. To sum up,No.104 and No.5 have the best comprehensive quality traits, and can be used as the preferred varieties in Xinyang area.