不同森林类型土壤酶活性和微生物数量特征研究

研究以油松纯林、油松-刺槐混交林和油松-栓皮栎混交林三种森林类型土壤为研究对象，采用滴定法和比色法对蔗糖酶、脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、多酚氧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性进行研究，并用平板稀释法对细菌、真菌和放线菌数量特征进行比较分析。结果表明，三种森林类型土壤酶活性总体变化趋势表现为油松-刺槐混交林>油松-栓皮栎混交林>油松纯林；过氧化氢酶活性变化规律较为复杂，在0~20cm土壤深度过氧化氢酶活性变化趋势表现为油松-刺槐混交林>油松-栓皮栎混交林>油松纯林；在20~30cm土壤深度过氧化氢酶活性变化趋势表现为油松-栓皮栎混交林>油松-刺槐混交林>油松纯林。三种森林类型不同土壤深度土壤微生物数量变化趋势均表现为油松-刺槐混交林>油松-栓皮栎混交林>油松纯林。在三种森林类型中油松-刺槐混交林能够有效提高土壤酶活性和增加土壤微生物数量。

Characteristics of Soil Enzyme Activity and Microbial Quantity of Different Forest Types

In this study, the activities of sucrase, urease, acid phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase and catalase were studied by titration and colorimetry, and the quantitative characteristics of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes were compared by plate dilution method. The results showed that the overall change trend of soil enzyme activity of three forest types was Pinus tabulaeformis-Robinia pseudoacacia mixed forest > Pinus tabulaeformis-Quercus variabilis mixed forest >Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest. The change rule of catalase activity was more complex, and the change trend of catalase activity was Pinus tabulaeformis-Robinia pseudoacacia mixed forest >Pinus tabulaeformis-Quercus variabilis mixed forest >Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest in 0~20 cm soil depth ; the change rule of catalase activity was more complex in 20 ~ 30 cm soil depth, and the change trend of enzyme activity was Pinus tabulaeformis-Quercus variabilis mixed forest >Pinus tabulaeformis-Robinia pseudoacacia mixed forest >Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest. The change trend of soil microbial quantity of three forest types was Pinus tabulaeformis-Robinia pseudoacacia mixed forest >Pinus tabulaeformis-Quercus variabilis mixed forest >Pinus tabulaeformis pure forest in different soil depths. Among the three forest types, the mixed forest of Pinus tabulaeformis and Robinia pseudoacacia can effectively improve soil enzyme activities and increase the number of soil microorganisms. ;