玉米种子蛋白质电泳鉴定品种的研究──醇溶蛋白和盐溶蛋白的比较

用十二烷基碘酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ）对玉米种子醇溶蛋白和盐溶 蛋白分别用于区分不同品种的效果作了比较。种子醇溶蛋白采用了７０％乙醇和 ５５％异丙醇两种溶剂分别提取。结果表明，两种溶剂提取的醇溶蛋白ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ 带谱均较简单，品种间差异小，难以把各供试品种互相区分开来。而种子盐溶 蛋白则显示出丰富的带谱，品种间在谱带数目、带的分布与强弱等特点均可见 较明显的差异，据此可将各供试品种互相区分开来．杂交后代中，还可见到某 些“杂种带谱”。利用玉米种子盐溶蛋白ＳＤＳ－ＰＡＧＥ在玉米品种鉴定中显示了一 定的应用潜力。

IDENTIFICATION OF MAIZE VARIETIES BY SEED PROTEIN ELECTROPHORESIS:COMPARISON OF SEED ZEINS AND SALT SOLUBLE PROTEINS

Zeins and salt soluble proteins of seeds of ten maize varieties (including inbreds and hybrids)were analyzed with SDS-PAGE and their effects in variety discrimination were compared.The zeins were extracted with 71% ethanol plus 2% ME and 55%iso-propanol plus 2% ME, respectively.The results showed that SDS-PAGE patterns of the two kinds of zeins both simple and differences among varieties were small.It was,therefore,difficnlt to distinguish all the varieties studied with the zein patterns,The SDS-PAGE patterns of the salt soluble proteins were,however,abandant and the differences among varieties were obvious in bands number,distribution and concentration.On the basis of these character istics ,all the varieties studied could be discr iminated from each other. Some hybrid bands were also found in the patterns of hybrids of maize.It was suggested that SDS-PACE of seed salt soluble proteins was potentially useful in variety identifion in maize.