几个甘蓝型油菜细胞质雄性不育系与保持系雌、雄蕊发育动态的比较

在初花期对几个甘蓝型油菜 (BrassicanapusL .)细胞质雄性不育系与相应保持系的雌、雄蕊及花药发育动态进行了观察。结果表明 ,不育系与保持系间在雌蕊发育过程中差异相对较小 ,仅在花蕾发育后期表现出一定的差异。到开花前 ,不育系的雌蕊略长于保持系。而雄蕊则在蕾长 3～ 4mm时期开始表现出较明显的差异 ,花药则在蕾长 1mm后开始表现出差异。临花前 ,不育系雄蕊及花药明显短于保持系 ,一般仅为保持系的 1/ 2左右。在不育系的花蕾中 ,雌蕊与雄蕊长度间在蕾长 3～ 4mm时开始表现出明显的差异 ,这时 ,雌、雄蕊长度差异可达 0 5～ 1mm ,可以用肉眼直接剥蕾观察出来。这时可以作为不育系田间早期育性识别的大致时期

Comparison of the Developmental Dynamics of Pistil and Stamen in the Cytoplasmic Male Sterile Lines and Maintainer Lines of Rape (B.napus L.)

In the present study the developmental dynamics of the pistils, stamens and anthers of four cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) lines and their corresponding maintainer lines of rape (Brassica napus L.) were investigated. The results show that the differences in dynamics of pistil development are relatively small between the male sterile lines and the maintainer lines, and occurr later in the process of the bud development. The differences in developmental dynamics of anthers and stamens are large and occurr early. The anthers differ when the buds are about l mm long; and the stamens differ, evidently, when buds are 3～4mm long. Prior to flowering, the lengths of pistils in the male sterile lines are slightly longer than those in the maintainer lines, while the lengths of stamens and anthers are much shorter than those in the maintainer lines, being just about 1/2 of the lengths in the maintainer lines. In the buds of the male sterile lines, differences in pistil and stamen lengths become evident at 3～4mm bud length stage. The results suggest that in the morphological development of the floral bud in the male sterile lines, the earliest male organ degeneration occurr at the stage of about 1mm bud length. When the bud lengths are 3～4mm long, the male sterile lines can be directly distinguished from their maintainer lines by observations of the differences in stamen and pistil lengths in the floral buds of the male sterile lines.