小麦抗条锈病染色体异源易位系的选育

利用小麦品种Jubilar作为受体 ,黑麦自交系L15 5为供体 ,培育了 1个抗条锈病 ,叶锈病和白粉病的小麦异源易位系A1882。使用C -带技术证明 ,这个易位系含有 1RS/ 1BL易位染色体。研究表明 ,与其它的 1RS/ 1BL易位系相比 ,本研究创制的这个 1RS/ 1BL易位染色体含有不同抗病基因。用这个异源易位系与高产品种杂交 ,并利用易位染色体作标记辅助选择 ,培育了抗小麦条锈病兼抗白粉病材料R14- 12、R14- 2 2和R16 5 - 2。经接种鉴定 ,这些品系对小麦条锈菌条中 30号和 31号生理小种免疫 ,抗叶锈病并中抗白粉病。这 3份材料的农艺性状较好 ,抗病性稳定 ,容易在小麦育种中应用。本研究证明 ,通过初级易位系与优良品系的杂交和选择 ,把异源易位染色体放在协调的小麦遗传背景上 ,是在小麦育种中克服易位染色体不良作用的有效方法

Development of the Wheat-Rye Translocation Lines for Resistance to Yellow Rust

A new wheat rye 1RS/1BL translocation line was developed from a wheat cultivar, Jubilar, and rye inbred line L155, which is resistant to yellow rust in field of southwest China and was proved to contain a new gene for resistance to yellow rust on this 1RS. But this translocation line can not be used directly in wheat breeding because of the side effect resulting from alien translocation. This translocation line was crossed with some excellent cultivars from Sichuan Province. The chromosome 1RS/1BL was traced in this trial for selecting wheat lines with high yield potential and resistance to yellow rust. Three excellent translocation lines, R14-12, R14-22 and R165-2, which exhibited high resistance to yellow rust, leaf rust and middle resistance to powdery mildow, and good agronomic characteristics, were developed. This work suggests that it is successful in crossing the primary translocation lines with excellent wheat lines for improvement of translocation lines, in which the translocated chromosomes were located on a better genetic background. The side effect of alien translocation can be got over through the best relationship between the translocated chromosomes and genetic background of wheat.