引进茶树品种光合特性的比较研究

对平阳特早、乌牛早和元宵茶等11个从浙江和福建引进四川茶区的茶树良种的主要光合生理指标、光合日变化进行了对比研究,并对各品种的光响应曲线进行了拟合。结果表明:不同品种在净光合速率(Pn)、蒸腾速率(Tr)、气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、水分利用率(WUE)和光饱和点(LSP)430.61~1738.39μmol/(m2.s)]之间的差异明显,各品种的光补偿点(LCP)均较低9.4256~37.3298μmol/(m2.s)]。净光合速率的日变化也存在明显的品种间差异,有7个品种呈“中午降低型”的双峰曲线,其余4个品种呈单峰曲线。平阳特早、元宵茶、乌牛早、春波绿和龙井长叶等5个品种具较高的净光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度,表现出较高的光合作用能力和生产潜力,同时这5个品种又有较低的光补偿点和较高的光饱和点,表现出较强的弱光利用能力和强光利用潜力。因此,从光合特性角度考察,这5个品种适宜在四川茶区推广种植。

Comparative Study on Photosynthetic Characteristics of the Introducing Tea Cultivars

Photosynthetic physiology index and diurnal change of photosynthesis,in 11 tea cultivars in Sichuan,which were introduced form Zhejiang and Fujian,such as Pingyangtezao,Wuniuzao and Yuanxiaocha,were studied.The photosynthetic light-response curve of different cultivars was also simulated.The results show that net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr),stomatal conductance(Gs),intracellular concentration of CO_2(Ci),water use efficiency of cultivars and the light saturation point in leaves of 11 cultivars are different 430.61～1738.39 μmol/(m~2·s)] and had obvious differences.respectively,the light compensation point is similar 9.4256～37.3298 μmol/(m~2·s)].Diurnal change of net photosynthetic rate among cultivars are different,seven cultivars show twin-peaked curve with an obvious midday-depress,others show single peak curves.Pingyangtezao,Yuanxiaocha,Wuniuzao,Chunbolv and Longjingchangye have high net photosynthetic rate(Pn),transpiration rate(Tr) and stomatal conductance(Gs) show high photosynthetic and potential productivity,they also have low light compensation point and high light saturation point,show high capacity of using light.In a word,based on photosynthetic characteristics,the five tea cultivars are adapt to growing in Sichuan and need to extend growing areas.