糯高梁主要数量性状的遗传分析

本文估算了4×5不完全双列杂交组成的20个 F1糯性杂种7个性状的配合力、遗传力及优势表现。结果表明:穗柄长、穗粒数、穗粒重、千粒重均表现正向超亲优势,而其余性状以正向超亲优势为主;各性状的配合力效应不同,同一性状不同亲本的一般配合力效应也各异,单株产量特殊配合力的高低取决于穗粒数和千粒重特殊配合力效应的协调;穗柄长的加性和非加性效应同等重要,株高、穗长、一级分枝数、穗粒数和千粒重主要受加性基因效应控制,穗粒重以非加性基因效应为主;狭义遗传力顺序为:穗长>株高>一级分枝数>千粒重>穗粒数>穗柄长>穗粒重。

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF MAIN QUANTITATIVE CHARACTERS IN GLUTINOUS SORGHUM

This paper evaluated the combining ability,relative heterosis and heritability of 20 glutinous sorghum F1 hybrids from a 4 glutinous male sterile lines X 5 glutinous restoring lines incomplete diallel design experiment.The results indicated that the differences of 7 characters combining abilities among hybrids were significant at 0.01 level,and the specific combining ability of grain weight per earhcad was dependent on the harmony between that of number of grain perearhcad and 1000-grain weight.Additive gene effects were as impor- tant as nonadditive gene effects in length of earhcad stalk,but they played a more impor- tant role than the nonadditive gene effects did in plant height,earhcad length,number of first branches per earhcad,number of grain per earhcad and 1000-grain weight.The nonadditive gene effects were more important than the additive gene effects did in grain weight per earhcad.The order of narrow heritability of 7 characters was as the following: earhcad length>plant height>numbcr of first branches per earhcad>1000-grain weight>number of grain per earhcad>length of earhcad stalk>grain weight per earhcad, it was basically identical with the results of that of non-glutinous sorghum varieties and non-glutinous sorghum hybrids.The relative heterosis data of length of earhcad stalk, number of grain per earhcad,grain weight per earhcad and 1000-grain weight showed all positive heterobeltiosis,and that of the others were mainly positive heaterobeltiosis.