不同穗重型杂交稻外观品质在四川盆地各气候生态区的变化

选用 3种不同穗重型杂交中籼稻即重穗型、中穗型和轻穗型共 8个品种 (组合 ) ,在四川 6个不同气候生态区种植 ,以研究其稻米粒长、长宽比、垩白米率、垩白度、透明度等 5个外观品质性状的变化。结果表明 :① 6个主要气候生态区 ,其外观品质优劣的综合表现依次为盆西中亚热带多春夏旱区 (温江 ) >盆北山地亚热带 -寒温带区 (广元 ) >盆西山地中亚热带 -寒带区 (雅安 ) >泸定河谷中亚热带山地北亚热带区 (西昌 ) >局部河谷南亚热带区 (江津 ) >盆东中亚热带伏旱最多区 (南充 ) ,呈现盆地西部高于东部的趋势。②从不同穗重型品种的外观品质表现看轻穗型品种在 6个生态区中表现最好 ,其次为中穗型品种 ,而重穗型品种则表现相对较差。③从不同穗重型品种对各气候生态区的适应性看 ,轻穗型品种适宜于在盆北山地亚热带 -寒温带区 (广元 ) ,盆西中亚热带多春夏旱区 (温江 )和局部河谷南亚热带区 (江津 )种植 ;而中穗型品种和重穗型品种 ,在 6个气候生态区中 ,其外观品质变化较大。因而应加强对这两类型品种的研究 ,因地制宜的选择种植。③在 6个生态区中 ,从被研究的 5个外观品质性状看 ,其稻米粒长和长宽比两个性状 ,变异相对较小 ;垩白米率、垩白度和透明度 3个性状变异较大

Variations of Appearance Quality of Rice from the Different Panicle Weight Types in Different Climatic Ecological Zones of Sichuan Basin

Eight hybrid midseason-rice varieties out of three panicle weight types, heavy panicle type, medium panicle type and light panicle type of rice, were selected to be cultivated in the six major climatic ecological zones of Sichuan Basin and the variations of appearance quality of rice, length, shape, chalkiness, chalkiness area and translucency of rice, were studied. The research results demonstrate: ①In the six major climatic ecological zones, the comprehensive performance of appearance quality of rice is lined in the following order: Wenjiang-western Basin Central Subtropical-long-spring and Summer-drought Zone>Guangyuan-northern Basin Mountainous Subtropical-cold Temperate Zone>Yaan-western Basin Mountain, Central Subtropical-cold Zone>Xichang-luding River Valley, Central Subtropical Mountainous Area, Northern Subtropical Zone>Jiangjin-partial River Valley Southern Subtropical Zone>Nanchong-eastern Basin Central Tropical Most-frequent Summer Drought Zone. Viewed from ecology and geography, there is variety that a higher tendency of appearance quality in the western Basin than in the eastern Basin. ②By studying the performance of appearance quality from the different panicle weight types, in the six major climatic ecological zones, the light panicle type of rice (LPTR) has the best appearance quality followed by the medium panicle type of rice (MPTR), the heavy panicle type of rice (HPTR) has relatively poor performance. ③By considering the adaptability of the different panicle weight types of rice to different climatic ecological zones, Guangyuan-northern Basin Mountainous Subtropical-cold Temperate Zone, Wenjiang-western Basin Central Subtropical-long-spring and Summer-drought Zone and Jiangjin-partial River Valley Southern Subtropical Zone are best suited for the light panicle type of high-quality rice cultivation. However, in the six major climatic ecological zones, the appearance quality of medium panicle type and light panicle type of rice are greatly different, so that varieties of the two panicle weight types should be heavily studied and the varieties corresponding to ecological zones are selected to be cultivated. ④Among the five shapes of the appearance quality studied, the variation of length and shape of rice is relatively small, but the rice chalkiness, chalkiness area and translucency vary greatly.