小麦近缘种属对赤霉病菌的抗性评价

对来自不同国家和地区的小麦野生近缘植物７个属———山羊草属（Ａｅｇｉｌｏｐｓ）鹅观草属（Ｒｏｅｇｎｅｒｉ ａ）、大麦属（Ｈｏｒｄｅｕｍ）、赖草属（Ｌｅｙｍｕｓ）、冰草属（Ａｇｒｏｐｙｒｏｎ）、披碱草属（Ｅｌｙｍｕｓ）、和偃麦草属（Ｅｌｙｔｒｉｇｉａ）共３６个种的２０２份材料采用自然发病鉴定和人工接种鉴定方法，进行了抗赤霉病穗腐的鉴定。结果是：鹅观草属中有９个种的６１份材料具有高抗扩展特性，侵染仅限于小穗，不扩展至主穗轴，有部份材料同时还具有一定抗侵入能力；山羊草属有１份材料经接种鉴定具有一定抗侵入能力，该属的其余材料和其余５个属的材料均表现感病，既不抗侵入也不抗扩展。因此从鹅观草属的材料向小麦转移抗赤霉病基因是很有前途的。

EVALUATION OF WHEAT RELATIVES FORRESISTANCE TO HEAD BLIGHT OF WHEAT

Two hundred and two domestic and overseas accessions of 36 species belonging 7 genus in Triticeae were evaluated for resistance to head blight caused by Fusarium graminearum under nature infection and artificial inoculation conditions. The resultes are presented as follows: ①The resistance of Rogeria to scab: The 58 accession beloning 6 species were evaluated for scab resistance. No source of immunity to Fusarium graminearum has been found out, but they are most resistant to the spread of infection and some of them are resistant to initial infection. The results also suggest that Rogeria could be utilised as useful source of resistance to scab. ②The resistance of Agilopa to scab: 114 accessions belonging 17 species were tested. All the tested accessions are very susceptible to scab. They are not resistant to spread of infection and to initial infection. The infection develops very rapidly from diseased spikelet to another healthy spikelet through ear rachs. ③The resistance of five genus to scab: They are Hordeum (tested 16 accession from 3 wild species), Elytrigia (4 accessions from 3 species), Agropyron (1 accession), Elymus (1 accession), and Leymus (1 accession). All the tested accessions are susceptible to scab, neither resistant to the infection spread nor resistant to the initial infection.