基于GIS的柳沟流域场降雨产流模拟

黄土高原土壤侵蚀问题举世瞩目,巳成为黄土高原经济社会发展的主要障碍和主要的生态环境问题,其中以水力侵蚀最为严重,水力侵蚀面积已超过总面积的一半.掌握降雨产流原理及发展规律对从根本上防治水土流失提供科学依据,本文以西北黄土区蔡家川流域柳沟嵌套小流域为研究对象,在GIS平台下进行了水文地形因子的提取,通过改进前人分布式水文...

Single Rainfall-runoff Simulation of Liugou Basin Based on GIS

Soil erosion in the Loess Plateau is stupendous,which has become the main obstacle to economic and social development,and among which water erosion is the most serious as it happens in more than half of the whole land.It can provide scientific basis for preventing loss of water and erosion of soil at the root to learn and grasp the rain-runoff principles and fundamental laws.In this paper,Liugou net watershed of Caijiachuan watershed in the Loess Area in the Western Shanxi Province is taken as the study area.Firstly,hydrological terrain factors are extracted on GIS platform,which shows the exact DEM and the channel location information.Then,the rainfall-runoff model is divided into four stage models-canopy interception,litter interception,soil infiltration and runoff yield and concentration,just as its actual progress.Through improving the predecessors' distributed hydrological models respectively,four stages of the rainfall-runoff model construction and computing work are implemented.At last,single heavy rainfall in Liugou basin is taken to examine the accuracy of the models.The relative error of each step is less than 0.3,and the total error is 0.28.The models can finish the actual simulated rainfall runoff process perfectly.Based on the different runoff volumes of different periods,the three-dimensional virtual simulation of the heavy rainfall-runoff on GIS platform is performed.Using the model and method,the previous rainfall-runoff process can be repeated,and the future can be predicted if the rainfall amount is known.Thus models and simulation can bring scientific reference for the relevant staff members of soil and water conservation to lay down appropriate soil and water conservation measures.