3种鲟鱼纯种及杂交种后代育苗比较

用施氏鲟同西伯利亚鲟和小体鲟进行正反杂交试验,比较3种鲟鱼纯种及杂交种后代连续两年的育苗指标得出如下结论:杂交种后代同大部分纯种的发育速度及有效积温差异不明显,但同母本更为相近;3种鲟鱼纯种的受精率、出苗率、开口率、转口率、成活率高于大部分杂交种,其中成活率差异特别明显(P<0.01)。同年度不同杂交种间成活率差异有较大变化,比较不同年份小体鲟♀×施氏鲟♂的成活率有明显差异(P<0.01),这与纯种亲本成活率变化一致,但施氏鲟与西伯利亚鲟杂交种差异不明显;施氏鲟♀×小体鲟♂连续两年的成活率为0,其他3个杂交种的成活率均达到30%以上。

Comparison of Offspring Survival of Three Kinds of Sturgeons' Purebreds and Crossbreds

In order to compare with pure-breed and hybrids of sturgeons' breeding index for two consecutive years(2007 and 2008),siberian sturgeon and sterlet were reciprocally hybridized with Amur sturgeon.The results showed that the growth rate and temperature summation were not significant difference between hybrids and most of pure-breeds,but similar with that of female parent,however,fertilization rates,hatching rates,weaning rates,transiting rates and survival rates of pure-breed were higher than most of hybrids,especially survival rates of three kinds of pure sturgeons were significantly higher than hybrids(P<0.01);in addition,the survival rate differences have a greater change between different hybrids in the same year and have highly significant difference in A.ruthenus♀×A.schrenckii♂ in different years(P<0.01),which were the same as their parents,but survival rates were not significant between amur sturgeon and Siberian hybrids;the survival rates of A.schrenckii♀×A.ruthenus♂ hybrids were zero in successive two years,and which were arrived at more than 30% in the other three hybrids.