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孔雀鱼、月光鱼耐温限度的初步研究
引用本文:杨淞,韦其锋,严太明,曾林,吴雨函.孔雀鱼、月光鱼耐温限度的初步研究[J].四川农业大学学报,2009,27(1).
作者姓名:杨淞  韦其锋  严太明  曾林  吴雨函
作者单位:1. 四川农业大学,动物科技学院,四川,雅安,625014
2. 广州精博生物技术有限公司,广州,510385
基金项目:农业部淡水鱼类种质资源与生物技术重点实验室开放课题,四川省教育厅项目 
摘    要:对孔雀鱼(Poecilia reticulata)和月光鱼(Xiphophorus maculates)的温度耐受限度进行了实验研究。结果表明,孔雀鱼和月光鱼存活温度范围分别是14~36℃和12~34℃,属热带鱼。温度渐变时雌、雄孔雀鱼和月光鱼的高温半致死温度分别为38.83℃(♀)、37.08℃(♂)和36.4℃;低温半致死温度为12.69℃(♀)、13.17℃(♂)和8.16℃。在温度骤升至35℃时,96 h后雌孔雀鱼死亡率为70%,雄孔雀鱼已经全部死亡,而月光鱼的死亡率仅为15%;温度骤降至15℃时,96 h后月光鱼无死亡,而雌雄孔雀鱼全部死亡。月光鱼低温耐受性较雌雄孔雀鱼好(P<0.05)。两种热带鱼对热、冷冲击的适应能力均较差。

关 键 词:孔雀鱼  月光鱼  温度  生态幅

The Preliminary Study on Temperature Resistance of Poecilia reticulata and Xiphophorus maculates
YANG Song,WEI Qi-feng,YAN Tai-ming,ZENG Lin,WU Yu-han.The Preliminary Study on Temperature Resistance of Poecilia reticulata and Xiphophorus maculates[J].Journal of Sichuan Agricultural University,2009,27(1).
Authors:YANG Song  WEI Qi-feng  YAN Tai-ming  ZENG Lin  WU Yu-han
Institution:1.College of Animal Science and Technology;Sichuan Agricultural University;Yaan 625014;Sichuan;China;2.The Company of Jingbo Biology and Technology;Guangzhou 510385
Abstract:The resistance of Poecilia reticulata and Xiphophorus maculates to low and high temperature was studied with the method of adjusting the biological incubator.Results showed that: Poecilia reticulata and Xiphophorus maculates were tropical zone fish.Poecilia reticulata could survive when temperature ranged from 14 ℃ to 36 ℃ while,the latter from 12 ℃ to 34 ℃.When the temperature changed gradually,the median fatal upper temperature were: 38.83 ℃(♀) and 37.08 ℃(♂) for Poecilia reticulata,36.4 ℃ for Xiphophorus maculates;the median fatal low temperature were: 12.69 ℃(♀),13.17 ℃(♂) and 8.16 ℃,respectively.When temperature rose to 35 ℃ suddenly,the death rate of female Poecilia reticulata was 70%,and all the males were dead 96 h later,but the death rate of Xiphophorus maculates was only 15%;when temperature suddenly decreased to 15 ℃,all the Poecilia reticulata were dead 96 h later,but the Xiphophorus maculates were all alive.There fore,the former's temperature resistance was not as good as the latter's(P<0.05).In a word the adaptability of two tropical zone fishes to heat and cold shock was not very good.
Keywords:Poecilia reticulata  Xiphophorus maculates  temperature  ecological amplitude  
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