小麦属与簇毛麦属的可杂交性研究

以普通小麦、四倍体小麦及其各染色体组供体种为母本,与一年生簇毛麦(Haynalida villosa,2n=14)和四倍体多年生簇毛麦(H.hordeacea,2n=14)杂交,研究了小麦属与簇毛麦属的可杂交性。结果表明,乌拉尔图小麦(AA)、拟斯卑尔脱小麦(SS)和节节麦(DD)与一年生簇毛麦的杂交率分别为1.8％、2.4％和82.4％,它们与多年生簇毛麦的杂交率分别为7％、0.8％和38.6％,上述各组合中,除乌拉尔图小麦与两种簇毛麦的组合能产生出正常的种子外,其余四组合所结的种子均不能正常发芽。圆锥小麦与两种簇毛麦的杂交率分别为0.9-8.8％和1.2-19.6％,所结种子大都能正常发芽。圆柱小麦与两种簇毛麦的杂交率分别为1.1％和1.5％,所结种子都不能正常发芽。普通小麦与两簇种毛麦的可杂交性同普通小麦与栽培黑麦的情况相似,它们可能受小麦的同一遗传系统控制。

THE CROSSABILITY OF TRITICUM WITH HAYNALDIA

Common wheat, tetraploid wheat and their donor species of genomes were used as female in crosses with H. villosa and H. hordeacea(2n=28), and the crossability of Triticum with Haynaldia has been studied. The results showed that seed-sets of T. monococcum asp. urartu(AA), T. Speltoides(SS) and T. tauschii(DD) with H. villosa were 1.8%, 2.4% and 82.4% respectively and those of them with H. hordeacea, 7.0%, 0.8% and 38.6% respectively. All crosses, except those of T. monococcum ssp. urartu with two Haynaldia species, produced inviable hybrid seeds. Seed-sets of T. turgidum with two Haynaldia species were 0.9—8.8% and 1.2—19.6% respectively, and those of T. teres(AADD), 1.1—1.5%, in which only the crosses of T. turgidum can produce viable seeds. In common wheat, similar crossabiliities have been discovered between wheat with rye and two Haynaldia species, which indicated that the crossabilities of wheat with both rye and Haynaldia were governed by the same genetic system iin wheat.