降解生淀粉真菌的筛选、鉴定及其产生淀粉酶的性质研究

以生木薯粉为唯一碳源,对收集的土壤样品悬浮液进行培养、I2/KI溶液染色,经摇瓶复筛和菌株发酵上清液RSDE活力测定,筛选出10株RSDE活力较高的真菌;对RSDE活力最高的真菌菌株1-31进行形态学观察和ITS（Internaltranscribed spacer）序列分析,将其鉴定为青霉属。对青霉1-31的酶学性质进行测定,结果发现其RSDE对生木薯淀粉的最适作用pH和温度分别为5.0和55℃;分别以玉米和大米为底物时,其RSDE的生淀粉分解活力比（RDA）较高,为59.0%和58.8%;青霉1-31 RSDE对生木薯粉的吸附率约为37.0%。HPLC检测发现,以该菌株RSDE水解生木薯粉4 h,仅释放出葡萄糖,说明青霉1-31产生的RSDE主要为生淀粉糖化酶。电镜观察结果发现,经青霉1-31 RSDE处理,可使生木薯粉颗粒光滑完整的表面变得粗糙,形成无数小坑,说明青霉1-31 RSDE对生淀粉具有较强的水解作用。因此,青霉1-31 RSDE在各种生淀粉如木薯、玉米、大米和马铃薯生淀粉等加工业中具有一定的应用潜力。

Screening and identification of raw starch hydrolyzing fungal strains and characteristics of their raw starch-degrading enzyme

The suspensions of collected soil samples were cultured in isolated plates by using raw starch as sole carbon source,and stained by I2/KI solution after culturing for 5 days.The strain with significant hydrolyzing zone was isolated and purified.Ten fungal strains with higher raw starch-degrading enzyme(RSDE) activity to raw cassava starch were screened and RSDE activity was determined in fermented supernatant.Among 10 strains,a fungal strain 1-31 showing higher RSDE activity was identified on the basis of m...