小群繁育技术对两个世代蛋鸭种生产性能的影响

【目的】探索利用小群繁育技术进行水禽品种资源保护的效果，为保种机构创新保种方法提供技术参考。【方法】以国家级水禽基因库（江苏）中保存的金定鸭、山麻鸭、荆江麻鸭、广西小麻鸭、攸县麻鸭等5个蛋鸭品种为素材，采用小群繁育技术进行保种，并开展连续两个世代的生产性能测定。【结果】在同一品种内，两个世代间近交系数差异均不显著（P〉0.05，下同），生长速度整体上未发生较大波动，体斜长、胸深、胸宽、龙骨长、骨盆宽、胫长、半潜水长等体尺发育指标差异也不显著；在繁殖性能方面，也发现运用小群繁育技术进行资源保护其世代间差异不明显，较完整地保持了蛋鸭品种的繁殖性能。【结论】以小群繁育技术开展水禽品种资源保护具有可行性。

Effects of small swarm breeding on production traits in laying ducks of two generations

【Objective】Effects of small swarm breeding on protecting waterfowl cultivar resources were explored to provide references for studying new cultivar protection methods of breed conservation organizations. 【Method】Small swarm breeding technology was used as breed conservation method. The production traits of five laying ducks （Jinding Duck, Shan shelduck, Jingjiang shelduck, Guangxismall shelduck, Youxian Duck） conserved in National Gene Bank of Waterfowl Resources （Jiangsu） were detected for two generations. 【Result】The results showed that the difference was not significant （P〉0.05,the same below） in the same waterfowl species between the two generations. Growth speed remained almost the same. No obvious differences were observed in body type indicators （body slope length, breast depth, breast width, fossil bone length, pelvis width, shank length, half-diving depth）. Regarding breeding traits, the total performance of resources protection under small swarm breeding was superior with no evident differences among the two generations. The production traits of cultivars were well maintained. 【Conclusion】It was concluded that the small swarm breeding was practicable for waterfowl protection.