广西野生大豆的考察与收集

为加强野生大豆的抢救性收集和原生境保护区（点）建设，2008年9—10月以野生大豆分布较多的桂林市为重点考察区，辐射到周边，对桂林、柳州、贺州三市的10个县（区）30多个乡（镇）的野生大豆进行了考察。结果发现在桂林市的8个县（区）22个乡（镇）均发现有野生大豆分布，考察共收集野生大豆种子200份，其中半野生大豆11份，2009年田间种植观察其表型性状。考察发现有新类型野生大豆以及新分布点，但由于城镇建设、公路建设、环境污染等原因，广西野生大豆的生存环境受到极大威胁，分布面积急剧减少甚至消失。因此，提出应对野生大豆优异资源加以发掘利用、加强广西野生大豆资源的考察和补充收集等建议。

Collection and investigation of wild soybean resources in Guangxi

An investigation for wild soybean （Glycine soja） resources was carried out in more than 30 townships/towns, 10 counties/districts of Guilin, Liuzhou and Hezhou City from September to October in 2008. Among the three investigated cities, Guilin has the most wild soybean resources and it has been emphatically investigated. Twenty-two townships/towns in 8 counties/districts of Guilin were found to have wild soybean resources and 200 wild soybeans including 11 semi-wild soybeans have been collected. In 2009, they were planted in the field to observe their phenotypic traits and resistance to diseases, insects-pests and stresses. This investigation revealed some new types of wild soybean and new distributions. However, the urban-rural development, highway construction and environmental pollution pose a great threat to the living environment of wild soybean in Guangxi, and their distribution area dramatically decreased or even vanished. Therefore, valuable wild soybean resources must be conserved for their exploitation in various breeding programs and it is necessary to further investigate and collect wild soybean resources in Guangxi.