不同晒烟和烤烟理化特性与中性致香物质的对比分析

目的]系统了解国内规模化种植晒烟与烤烟的理化特性和香气特点,为卷烟企业开发研制具有独特品牌风格及低焦油中式卷烟提供参考依据.方法]以湖南宁乡、云南保山、广西贺州等地规模化种植的晒烟与云南昆明烤烟、美国烤烟为材料,对比分析不同产地及类型烟草中部烟叶样品的填充值、化学成分、香韵特征及中性致香物质等.结果]晒烟的填充值普遍高于烤烟,以云南保山晒烟肯那的填充值最高,为5.88 cm3/g,云南昆明烤烟的最低,为2.99cm3/g.不同产地晒烟与烤烟的化学成分差异较大,从而造成其感官品质差异较大.湖南宁乡晒烟的焦香、木香香韵较突出,云南保山晒烟的甜香香韵较突出,广西贺州晒烟的树脂香、坚果香香韵较突出,美国烤烟的干草香、焦香香韵较突出,云南昆明烤烟的清香、甜香香韵较突出.6个烟叶样品中共检出40种中性致香成分,其中酮类物质比例最高,有23种,其次为醛类,有7种;多重比较分析结果表明,有36种中性致香成分的含量差异达显著水平（P＜0.05）.结论]不同晒烟和烤烟的理化特性和中性致香物质含量差异较大,且各具特点,卷烟企业可根据自己的需求,通过合理配比获得适合中式卷烟开发与生产的原材料.其中,湖南宁乡晒烟适合添加应用于高品质卷烟;云南保山晒烟在低焦油、低危害卷烟开发研究中有很好的应用价值;广西贺州晒烟既可在混合型卷烟中使用,又可在烤烟叶组配方中适当应用.

Comparison analysis of physical and chemical properties and neutral aroma component for different sun-cured tobacco and flue-cured tobacco

Objective]Physical and chemical properties and neutral aroma differences of domestic large-scale cultivation of sun--cured tobacco and flue-cured tobacco were studied in order to provide references for developing special and low-tar Chi- nese tobacco brand. Method]Filling value, chemical composition, flavor and neutral aroma components of sun-cured tobacco in Hunan Ningxiang, Yunnan Baoshan and Guangxi and flue-cured tobacco in Yunnan Kunming and America were compared and analyzed. Result]The filling value of sun-cured tobacco was generally higher than that of flue-cured tobacco. The filling value of Kenna from Yunnan Baoshan was the highest （5.88 cm3/g） and the lowest （2.99 cm3/g） was the flue-cured tobacco from Yunnan Kunming. Chemical components of sun-cured and flue-cured tobacco from different producing areas vastly varied, which led to sensory quality differences. The main flavor notes of sun-cured tobacco of Hunan Ningxiang were baking and woody flavor. The sweet flavor notes of the sun-cured tobacco of Yunan Baoshan were obvious. The main flavor notes of the sun-cured tobacco of Guangxi were resinous and nuts. The main flavor notes of the flue-cured tobacco of America were hay-like and caramel The main flavor notes of the flue--cured tobacco of Kunming were freshness and sweetness. Forty kinds of neutral aroma components were detected in the six tobacco varieties, in which ketone substances were the most （23） followed by aldehydes （7）. Multiple comparison and analysis showed that 36 kinds of neutral aroma components were significantly different （P〈 0.05）. Conclusion]Differences existed in physical and chemical properties and neutral aroma components of different sun- cured tobacco and flue-cured tobacco. Tobacco enterprises can set appropriate ratio to obtain raw materials for Chinese-style to- bacco. Among them, Hunan Ningxiang sun-cured tobacco could be used in high-quality cigarette： Yunnan Baoshan sun-cured tobacco had a good application value in researching and developing low tar and low harm cigarette. Guangxi Hezhou yellow sun- cured tobacco not only could be used in the mixed type cigarettes, but also in flue-cured tobacco leaf group formulation.