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鲜食玉米杂交组合抗南方锈病鉴定及其抗性遗传初析
引用本文:田耀加,赵守光,张华,张晶,黄亮华,陈红弟,王秋燕.鲜食玉米杂交组合抗南方锈病鉴定及其抗性遗传初析[J].广西农业科学,2014(7):1188-1192.
作者姓名:田耀加  赵守光  张华  张晶  黄亮华  陈红弟  王秋燕
作者单位:广州市农业科学研究院,广州510308
基金项目:广州市农业科学研究院博士基金项目(NKY-04-2012-01);广州市花都区科技计划项目(HD13CXY-006)
摘    要:目的]探讨鲜食玉米杂交组合对玉米南方锈病的抗病性及抗性遗传模式,为选育抗锈病鲜食玉米新品种提供材料及理论依据.方法]在田间自然条件下采用目测法调查鉴定244份鲜食玉米新组合对南方锈病的抗病性,并结合前期亲本材料抗性鉴定结果进行抗性遗传初步分析.结果]在244份玉米杂交组合中,以中抗和感病品种为主,分别占总数的56.56%和33.61%,而抗病和高感的杂交组合分别占9.02%和0.82%;在甜玉米、糯玉米和甜糯玉米3种不同类型杂交组合中,甜玉米组合总体抗性最差,该类型以感病品种最多,占54.55%,抗病水平品种只占3.64%.分析鲜食玉米杂交组合及其亲本抗病性发现,当父母本抗病性均为中抗水平以上时,其杂交组合主要表现为抗或中抗水平;其他抗性水平父母本杂交,出现感病后代的比例明显升高.结论]244份鲜食玉米新组合对玉米南方锈病的抗性主要表现为中抗,缺乏高抗或免疫类型;甜、糯玉米抗锈病能力为数量遗传性状,属主效基因加修饰基因遗传模式;鲜食玉米抗性育种应选用中抗水平以上自交系材料.

关 键 词:鲜食玉米  杂交组合  南方锈病  抗性鉴定  抗性遗传

Resistance of fresh corn hybridized combination against southern corn rust and its resistant inheritance
TIAN Yao-jia,ZHAO Shou-guang,ZHANG Hua,ZHANG Jing,HUANG Liang-hua,CHEN Hong-di,WANG Qiu-yan.Resistance of fresh corn hybridized combination against southern corn rust and its resistant inheritance[J].Guangxi Agricultural Sciences,2014(7):1188-1192.
Authors:TIAN Yao-jia  ZHAO Shou-guang  ZHANG Hua  ZHANG Jing  HUANG Liang-hua  CHEN Hong-di  WANG Qiu-yan
Institution:1.Guangzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou 510308, China;)
Abstract:Objective]The resistance of fresh corn hybridized combination against southern corn rust and its resistant inheritance model were researched to provide materials and theoretical references for resistant breeding.Method]The resistance of 244 fresh corn hybridized combination was investigated by visual observation under normal field condition.In addition,the inheritance of resistance to the disease was analyzed based on preliminary resistance identification results of parent materials.Result]The majority of fresh corn was mid-resistant or sensitive to the rust,which occupied 56.56% and 33.61% in all 244 hybridized combinations,whereas,the fresh corn hybridized combinations that were resistant and highly-sensitive to the disease accounted for 9.02% and 0.82%,respectively.Among the types of sweet corn,waxy corn and sweet-waxy corn,the former showed the weakest resistance,with the sensitive combinations to rust accounting for 54.55%,while the resistant combination only accounted for 3.64%.Resistance identification of fresh corn and their parents showed that,hybridized combinations mainly appeared resistant or midresistant to rust when each parent was stronger than mid-resistance,while if the parents had low resistance,the ratio of diseased hybridized combinations obviously increased.Conclusion]The 244 combinations were mainly mid-resistant.There was lack of high-resistant or immune type in fresh corn combinations against southern corn rust.The resistance of sweet corn and waxy corn against rust was largely controlled by quantitative characters,and the hereditary model was dominant gene together with modifier gene.As a result,inbred lines with mid-resistance or over should be chosen for resistant breeding.
Keywords:fresh corn  hybridized combination  southern corn rust  resistant identification  inheritance of resistance
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