伏牛山森林土壤理化性质空间分异特征

【目的】研究伏牛山森林土壤理化性质的空间分异特征,为探明中国暖温带与北亚热带交界地带山地土壤空间分异机理提供参考。【方法】采用垂直梯度取样法,在伏牛山南北坡海拔1640~1870m处采集土壤样品进行实验室分析,并结合传统统计学方法对比分析伏牛山南北坡土壤理化性质的空间分异特征。【结果】土壤pH、有机质和全氮含量受海拔高度影响显著,其中土壤pH和全氮含量随着海拔升高而显著增大,而有机质含量则呈减小趋势;不同海拔高度的土壤电导率、碱解氮、速效磷、速效钾和全钾含量并无显著差异;土壤理化性质受坡向影响也较为显著,电导率、有机质、碱解氮和速效磷含量南坡较高,分别为0.092Ms/cm、273.69mg/kg、2.46mg/kg,北坡分别为0.087Ms/cm、215.42mg/kg、2.23mg/kg;北坡土壤速效钾、全氮和全钾含量相对稍高。【结论】海拔高度和坡向是影响伏牛山森林土壤理化性质空间分异的重要因素。

Spatial variation of soil physicochemical properties in Funiu Mountain

Objective ]The spatial variation of soil physical and chemical properties in Funiu Mountain was studied to provide references for identifying soil spatial variation mechanism in bordering land of China warm temperate zone and northern subtropical region. Method ]Using vertical gradient sampling and traditional statistics method, the soil samples at the altitude from 1640 m to 1870 m were collected to compare physical and chemical properties between south and north slopes of the Funiu Mountain. Result ]The results showed that soil pH,soil organic matter and soil total nitrogen were cor- related with altitude change ,but soil conductivity,soil effective nitrogen ,soil effective phosphors,soil effective potassium and total potassium were not related to altitude. With the increase of altitude, soil pH and total nitrogen increased, but soil organic matter decreased. Compared with the soil properties of north slope in Funiu Mountain, soil effective potassium, soil total nitrogen and total potassium were higher in south slope. Especially, the soil effective nitrogen was much higher than the mean value observed in north slope samples. The contents of soil conductivity,soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen ,rapidly-available phosphoruswere in south slope were lightly higher than those from the north slope of Funiu Mountain. Soil available potassium, total nitrogen and total potassium were higher in the north slope. Conclusion] Altitude and exposure significantly influence spatial variation of soil physicochemical properties in Funiu Mountain.