猪苓多糖对四氯化碳诱导建鲤肝损伤的保护作用

目的]研究猪苓多糖对四氯化碳（CCl4）诱导建鲤急性肝损伤的保护作用,为鱼类肝胆综合征治疗药物的筛选提供理论依据.方法]在基础饵料中添加不同比例（0.1％、0.5％和1.0％）的猪苓多糖连续饲喂建鲤8周后,采用CCl4进行急性肝损伤造模,72 h后采集血液分离血清,检测血清中总蛋白（TP）、白蛋白（ALB）、总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）及丙氨酸转氨酶（GPT）、天冬氨酸转氨酶（GOT）活性;采集肝脏组织匀浆上清液,检测匀浆上清液中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性及丙二醛（MDA）、谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量;同时采集肝脏组织制备组织切片,显微镜下观察组织结构变化.结果]经CCl4诱导处理能引起建鲤血清肝功能指标、抗氧化指标显著变化,肝脏组织结构明显受损,肝细胞核仁大部分消失,呈核空泡化.但在基础饵料中添加1.0％猪苓多糖能极显著降低血清GOT、GPT活性（P＜0.01）,显著升高血清TP、ALB、T-AOC值（P＜0.05,下同）;显著升高肝脏组织匀浆上清液中SOD、GSH、GSH-Px活性,显著降低MDA含量;明显抑制CCl4对肝脏组织结构造成的损伤,肝脏组织结构基本恢复正常.结论]在建鲤基础饵中添加1．0％猪苓多糖对CCl4所引起的肝脏损伤有明显的保护作用，可有效清除机体内自由基和抑制脂质过氧化。

Protective effects of Polyporus umbeUatus polysaccharide on liver injury induced by carbon tetrachloride in Cyprinus carpio var. Jian

Objective ]The protect effects of Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide on liver injury were studied to pro- vide theoretical references for selecting drugs of fish liver and gall syndrome. Method ]Jian carps were fed with the ba- sic diets supplement with different ratios of Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide for 8 weeks. Carbon tetraehloride （CCL） was used for model experiment. The serums were collected for the test after 72 h. Then the expression levels of TP,ALB, T-AOC,GOT and GPT were detected. The liver homogenate supernatants were collected for detecting the expression levels of SOD, GPX, MDA and GSH. The liver tissues were also collected for tissue slice preparation. The change of liver tissue structure was observed under a microscope. Result ]After CC14 induction, liver function index and antioxidant index changed dramatically. The liver tissue structure was clearly injured. A major part of hepatocyte nucleolus vanished, thus the nucleolus was empty inside. Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide at the concentration of 1% tremendously decreased the content of GOT and Girl in serum （P〈0.01） and increased the content of TP ,ALB and T-AOC in serum （P〈O.05, similarly hereinafter）. The content of SOD,GSH and GPX in liver homogenate supernatant also went up. The content of MDA in liver homogenate supernatant went down. Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharide obviously inhibited the damage of liver tissue structure caused by carbon tetrachloride and made liver tissue structure return to normal. Conclusion]Adding 1% Polyporus umbellatus polysaccharides in bait could effectively protect liver against CC14 induced injury by removing free radicals and inhibiting lipid peroxidation.