农业企业化是农业产业化的替代战略——农业企业化创新研究之二

农业产业化的核心是农业企业经营,现已出台的政策也是发展农业企业化经营,农业企业化概念更明确,组织程度更高,是产业化发展的高级阶段。农业产业化强调的是产业的联系,主要通过外生性农业企业,由外向内引导农业发展,可能向农业返还二、三产业的利润,也可能争夺农业内部的利润,是产品农业企业化的继续,是农业企业化的结果,是农业企业化的一部分。农业企业化强调的是企业经营这种形式,主要通过发展内生性农业企业提高“三农”自身的发展能力,由内向外引导农业发展,向二、三产业要利润。农业企业化在发展产品农业企业化的同时,通过发展区域农业企业化特别是整乡整村推进乡村农业企业化,实现农村的城市化和农民的员工化。因此,农业产业化只是农业企业化发展的“三化”之一,农业企业化是我国农村的第三步改革,是农业产业化的替代战略。

Research on innovation of the agricultural enterprises II. The agricul-tural enterprises is a substitution strategy of the agricultural

The management of agricultural enterprises is the core of the agricultural industrialization,the present policy is meaning to develop the management of agricultural enterprises,and the concept of agricultural enterprise is much clearer,the organization degree of agricultural enterprise is much higher and it is the advanced stage of industrialization development.The agricultural industrialization emphasizes on the connection of the industries,it conducts the agricultural development from external to internal through exogenous agricultural enterprise,that can return the profits to the secondary and the tertiary industry,and also may compete for the internal agricultural profits.The agricultural industry is the continuance of agricultural enterprises of the products,the result of agricultural enterprises and it is a part of agricultural enterprise.The emphasis of agricultural enterprises is the form of enterprise management,it improve the self-development capability of the "three agriculture" to conduct the agricultural development from internal to external,which is mainly by developing the exogenous agricultural enterprises and get profits from the secondary and the tertiary industry.While the agricultural enterprises are developing the products oriented agricultural enterprises,it will realize the urbanization of rural and make the peasants to be workers by developing the regional agricultural enterprises,especially propelling the agricultural enterprises of rural area around the whole village and town.Thus,the agricultural industrialization is only one of the "three forms" of the agricultural enterprises development,and the agricultural enterprise is the third step of reformation and is the substitution strategy of the agricultural industrialization in China.