饵料对雌中华绒螯蟹可食部分含量和体成分的影响

通过240 d养殖试验,研究了不同饵料对不同育成规格的中华绒螯蟹雌蟹可食部分含量和体成分的影响。结果表明:投喂不同饵料的不同育成规格中华绒螯蟹雌蟹肝胰腺指数、性腺指数和出肉率差异不显著(P>0.05)。肌肉营养成分测定表明:不同育成规格和饵料肌肉粗脂肪、水分和粗灰分含量差异不显著(P>0.05);配合饲料组雌蟹粗蛋白含量中规格显著高于小规格(P<0.05),而杂鱼组雌蟹粗蛋白含量小规格显著高于大规格(P<0.05);不同饵料相同育成规格粗蛋白含量,小规格杂鱼组显著高于配合饲料组(P<0.05)。肝胰腺营养成分测定表明:不同育成规格和饵料肝胰腺粗蛋白、水分和粗灰分含量差异不显著(P>0.05);配合饲料组雌蟹粗脂肪含量小规格和中规格显著高于大规格(P<0.05),而杂鱼组雌蟹粗脂肪含量小规格和大规格显著高于中规格(P<0.05);不同饵料3种育成规格粗脂肪含量,杂鱼组显著高于配合饲料组(P<0.05)。卵巢营养成分测定表明:不同育成规格和饵料粗蛋白含量差异不显著(P>0.05);配合饲料组3种规格水分含量差异不显著(P>0.05),粗脂肪含量随着规格增大显著递减(P<0.05),粗灰分含量大规格显著高于中规格和小规格(P<0.05);杂鱼组粗脂肪含量大规格显著低于小规格(P<0.05);不同饵料相同育成规格间,小规格水分含量配合饲料组显著高于杂鱼组(P<0.05),3种规格粗脂肪含量杂鱼组显著高于配合饲料组(P<0.05)。总体实验结果表明,投喂不同饵料以及不同育成规格中华绒螯蟹雌蟹可食部分含量差异不显著(P>0.05);相同饵料不同规格以及相同育成规格不同饵料组可食部分营养成分含量有一定差异(P>0.05或P<0.05)。研究亮点:目前国内外有关饵料对不同育成规格的中华绒螯蟹可食部分含量以及体成分影响的比较研究较少。本文以中华绒螯蟹雌蟹为研究对象,分析投喂基础饲料添加3%的全豆油的配合饲料和冰鲜野杂鱼对不同育成规格雌蟹可食部分含量和体成分的影响,为市场购蟹提供指导,也为中华绒螯蟹配合饲料的研发和推广提供一定参考。

Effects of diet on the edible part content and body composition of the female Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis)

A feeding experiment which lasted 240 days was carried out to study the effects of different sizes and different diets on the edible part content and body composition of the female Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis).The results showed that there was no significant influence on hepatopancreas index(HIS),gonad index(GSI) and meat percentage(P> 0.05) for different diets and size treatments.Chemical analyses of muscle nutrients showed that the contents of lipid,moisture and ash had no significant change for different sizes and diet treatments(P>0.05).As for muscle protein content of crab fed formula feed,the medium size was significantly higher than the small size(P<0.05),while for muscle protein content of crab fed trash fish,the small size was significantly higher than the large size(P<0.05).The muscle protein content of small size crab fed trash fish was significantly higher than that fed feed(P <0.05).Chemical analyses of hepatopancreas nutrients showed that the contents of protein,moisture and ash had no significant change for different sizes and diet treatments(P>0.05).For hepatopancreas lipid content of crab fed formula feed,the small and medium size was significantly higher than large size(P<0.05),while for hepatopancreas lipid content of the crab fed trash fish,the small size and large size were significantly higher than medium size(P <0.05).The hepatopancreas lipid content of the same size crab,group fed trash fish was significantly higher than that fed feed(P<0.05).Chemical analyses of ovary nutrients showed that the content of protein had no significant change for different sizes and diet treatments(P>0.05).Moisture content of crab fed the formula feed had no significant change among the three sizes(P>0.05),lipid content increased significantly with breeding sizes(P<0.05),for ash content the large size was significantly higher than the medium and the small size(P<0.05).For lipid content of crab fed trash fish,the large size was significantly lower than the small size(P<0.05).For moisture content of small size crab,group fed formula feed was significantly higher than that fed trash fish(P <0.05).For lipid content of the three size crab,group fed the trash fish was significantly higher than that fed formula feed(P<0.05).Combined,results in this study indicated that there was no significant influence on the edible part content of the female of Chinese mitten crab for different diet treatments and different breeding size treatments,while the body composition of the edible part had some differences because of breeding size or diet treatment(P> 0.05 or P<0.05).