盐城海岸带景观格局变化和重金属空间分布相关分析

如何通过景观格局的合理调控控制河口海岸区域的重金属生态风险是目前湿地科学研究的热点问题之一。以江苏省盐城市海岸带为研究对象，将研究区 1975、1991、2000、2006年的景观格局演变过程与土壤中Cr、Cu、Fe、Mn、Ni、Zn 6种重金属的浓度空间分布进行了耦合分析，研究了景观格局对重金属富集过程的影响。结果表明：研究区1975年的景观类型以芦苇、碱蓬等原生湿地景观和光泥滩为主，到2006年转变为以鱼塘和农田等人工景观为主，盐城海岸带景观格局的改变是一个较为典型的人类开发利用滩涂的进程。重金属浓度的分析表明，Cr、Cu、Mn、Ni、Zn 5种重金属的浓度由背景值的46.71、20.22、375.19、21.68、60.69 mg/kg变为2007年的54.52、19.14、548.83、26.49、62.59 mg/kg。耦合景观格局的分析与重金属浓度的空间分布分析表明，人类活动主导的景观格局演变与重金属的浓度具有空间分布的相关性。通过建立景观格局与重金属富集过程的定量耦合模型进而探讨景观格局的调控模式，从而降低区域重金属生态风险，是一个需要继续探讨的理论热点和难点问题。

Evaluation of spatial correlation between landscape pattern changes and heavy metals spatial interpolation analysis along Yancheng coast

How to control the potential ecological risks posed by heavy metals （HM） through the landscape regulation in coastal and estuary areas is a hot issue in wetland science. Taking the Yancheng coastal zone as a case, the landscape pattern changing process in 1975,1991,2000 and 2006, and their associated effects on HM accumulating were analyzed, integrating the spatial interpolation analysis of 6 HM of Cr,Cu,Fe,Mn,Ni and Zn. The result showed that the landscape changed dramatically from natural wetlands and barren lands in 1975 to fish ponds and farm lands in 2006. Artificial landscapes kept expanding while natural landscapes continued reducing. The landscape changing process reflected the development modes of the coastal areas. The HM analysis showed that the concentration of Cr,Cu,Mn,Ni,Zn had varied from the background values of 46.71, 20.22, 375.19, 21.68, and 60.69, to the values of 54.52, 19.14,548.83, 26.49, and 62.59（mg/kg）in 2007. It revealed a high correlation by the coupling analysis of landscape changing patterns and HM spatial concentration. How to establish quantitative coupling models of landscape pattern and process of HM accumulation to help regulating the landscape to reduce the regional ecological risks posed by HM is still a hot and hard question to be further studied.