鳊鲂鱼类的染色体核型及DNA含量分析

为了解我国主要鳊鲂鱼类细胞遗传学特征,用肾细胞体内培养法分析鳊鲂鱼类染色体核型,并首次测定了广东鲂、三角鲂、长春鳊等的DNA含量。结果显示团头鲂核型为2n=24m+20sm+4st,NF=92,DNA含量为2.66 pg;广东鲂核型为2n=26m+18sm+4st,NF=92,DNA含量为2.57 pg;厚颌鲂核型为2n=26m+18sm+4st,NF=92,DNA含量为2.81 pg;三角鲂核型为2n=24m+20sm+4st,NF=92,DNA含量为2.60 pg;长春鳊核型为2n=26m+22sm,NF=96,DNA含量为2.34 pg。鲂属鱼类在进化过程中染色体核型存在着趋同性,与长春鳊核型差异明显。无论是DNA含量还是总臂数(NF)鳊鲂鱼类差异都很显著。此外,按总臂数多少划分,长春鳊为特化类群,鲂属鱼类为较原始类群。这些结果可为鳊鲂鱼类的染色体组操作和基因组学研究提供必要资料。

Karyotype and DNA contents analysis of Parabramis and Megalobrama

In order to investigate the cytogenetics characters of Parabramis ( M. amblycephala; M. hoffmanni; M. pellegrini; M.terminalis) and Megalobrama(P. pekinensis), the chromosomal karyotype polymorphism was studied through cell culture in vivo. The DNA contents of M. amblycephala and M.terminalis and P. pekinensis was measured for the first time. Our results showed that the karyotype of M.amblycephala was 2n=24m 20sm 4st, NF=92, DNA content is 2.66pg; The karyotype of M.hoffmanni was 2n=26m 18sm 4st, NF=92, DNA content is 2.57pg; The karyotype of M.pellegrini was 2n=26m 18sm 4st, NF=92, DNA content is 2.81pg; The karyotype of M.terminalis was 2n=24m 20sm 4st, NF=92, DNA content is 2.60pg; The karyotype of P.pekinensis was 2n=26m 22sm, NF=96, DNA content is 2.34 pg. Our results can provide essential data for chromosome set manipulation and genome research of Parabramis and Megalobrama.